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Related Concept Videos

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

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Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
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Nucleic acids02:43

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
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X-linked Traits01:19

X-linked Traits

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In most mammalian species, females have two X sex chromosomes and males have an X and Y. As a result, mutations on the X chromosome in females may be masked by the presence of a normal allele on the second X. In contrast, a mutation on the X chromosome in males more often causes observable biological defects, as there is no normal X to compensate. Trait variations arising from mutations on the X chromosome are called “X-linked”.
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Sex-linked Disorders01:43

Sex-linked Disorders

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Like autosomes, sex chromosomes contain a variety of genes necessary for normal body function. When a mutation in one of these genes results in biological deficits, the disorder is considered sex-linked.
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Enzyme-linked Receptors01:00

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Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Electrochemical Preparation of Poly3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene Layers on Gold Microelectrodes for Uric Acid-Sensing Applications
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Electrochemical Preparation of Poly3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene Layers on Gold Microelectrodes for Uric Acid-Sensing Applications

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Exploring the Link between Uric Acid and Osteoarthritis.

Cheryl Ann Ma1, Ying Ying Leung1,2

  • 1Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.

Frontiers in Medicine
|January 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Gout and osteoarthritis share inflammatory pathways, suggesting gout medications could treat osteoarthritis. This review explores the link between these common arthritis types.

Keywords:
Goutepidemiologic studyhyperuricemiainflammationosteoarthritistherapeutic use

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Quantitative SERS Detection of Uric Acid via Formation of Precise Plasmonic Nanojunctions within Aggregates of Gold Nanoparticles and Cucurbit[n]uril
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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Gout and osteoarthritis (OA) are prevalent arthritis forms disproportionately affecting aging and obese populations.
  • A clinical link between gout and OA has been long observed.
  • Obesity is a risk factor for both gout and OA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review epidemiologic and immunological evidence on the gout-osteoarthritis relationship.
  • To explore shared pathogenesis pathways.
  • To discuss therapeutic implications, including repurposing gout drugs for OA.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiologic studies.
  • Literature review of immunological studies.
  • Analysis of recent findings on monosodium uric acid crystal-induced inflammation.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests a possible relationship between gout and osteoarthritis.
  • Monosodium uric acid crystal-induced inflammation offers insights into shared pathogenesis.
  • Potential for shared inflammatory pathways exists between gout and OA.

Conclusions:

  • The relationship between gout and osteoarthritis warrants further investigation.
  • Shared inflammatory mechanisms may link gout and OA.
  • Gout medications could potentially be repurposed for osteoarthritis treatment.