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Related Concept Videos

Indicators02:39

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Certain organic substances change color in dilute solution when the hydronium ion concentration reaches a particular value. For example, phenolphthalein is a colorless substance in any aqueous solution with a hydronium ion concentration greater than 5.0 × 10−9 M (pH < 8.3). In more basic solutions where the hydronium ion concentration is less than 5.0 × 10−9 M (pH > 8.3), it is red or pink. Substances such as phenolphthalein, which can be used to determine the pH of a solution, are...
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According to Raoult’s law, the partial vapor pressure of a solvent in a solution is equal or identical to the vapor pressure of the pure solvent multiplied by its mole fraction in the solution. However, Raoult's Law is only valid for ideal solutions. For a solution to be ideal, the solvent-solute interaction must be just as strong as a solvent-solvent or solute-solute interaction. This suggests that both the solute and the solvent would use the same amount of energy to escape to the...
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General Properties of Solutions02:12

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Many common substances around us exist as a solution, such as ocean water, air, and gasoline. All solutions are mixtures of substances that are composed of varying amounts of two or more types of atoms or molecules. A mixture with a non-uniform composition is a heterogeneous mixture, whereas a mixture with a uniform composition is a homogeneous mixture. The components that make the homogeneous mixture are evenly spread out and thoroughly mixed. 
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Solution Formation02:16

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There is no one solvent that can dissolve every type of solute. Some substances that readily dissolve in a certain solvent might be insoluble in a different solvent. A simple way to predict which substances dissolve in which solvent is the phrase "like dissolves like". This means that polar substances, such as salt and sugar, dissolve in a polar substance like water. In contrast, non-polar substances are more soluble in non-polar solvents such as carbon tetrachloride.
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There are two criteria that favor, but do not guarantee, the spontaneous formation of a solution:
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Is EVAR a durable solution? Indications for reinterventions.

Louise de la Motte1, Mårten Falkenberg2, Mark J Koelemay3

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The Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery
|January 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reinterventions after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) are influenced by factors like migration, rupture, and endoleaks. Ongoing surveillance is crucial for patients with earlier endografts to prevent severe complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Endovascular Interventions
  • Aortic Aneurysm Repair

Background:

  • Reinterventions after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) are critical for optimizing patient selection and surveillance.
  • Understanding reintervention rates and timing guides improvements in endograft design.
  • This report provides an overview of current data on reinterventions following elective EVAR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an overview of current data on reinterventions after elective EVAR.
  • To analyze indications, occurrence, and timing of reinterventions.
  • To inform strategies for patient selection, post-procedure surveillance, and endograft development.

Main Methods:

  • A qualitative review of studies reporting on reinterventions after elective EVAR.
  • Systematic literature search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library.
  • Included publications from 2010 to November 13, 2017.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-three studies (83,307 patients) were included; procedures performed 1996-2014.
  • Type I endoleaks (0.6%-13%) and type III endoleaks (0.9%-2.1%) showed improvement with newer devices.
  • Most common indications for reintervention included type II endoleaks (14-25.3%), migration (0-4%), rupture (0-5.4%), limb ischemia (0.4-11.9%), and wound complications (0.5-14%).
  • Endograft infection (0.3-3.6%) carried high mortality, often linked to graft-enteric fistula.

Conclusions:

  • Reintervention rates and techniques have evolved, showing improved outcomes for aneurysm-related indications.
  • Key factors necessitating secondary interventions include migration, rupture, infections, and type I/II endoleaks.
  • Continued surveillance is vital for patients with earlier endografts to detect severe complications and prevent rupture.