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    Accurate particle localization in holographic microscopy is improved using a novel wavefront curvature estimation method. This technique enhances axial position accuracy, particularly in noisy conditions, benefiting particle analysis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Metrology
    • Particle Characterization
    • Holographic Imaging

    Background:

    • Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) reconstructs particle properties from recorded holograms.
    • Accurate axial positioning of micrometer-sized particles is challenging due to poor resolution in reconstructions.
    • Existing methods struggle with precise axial localization, impacting quantitative analysis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel method for accurate axial particle localization in DHM.
    • To improve particle position estimation by analyzing reconstructed wavefront curvature.
    • To enhance the robustness of particle localization against noise.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized an off-axis digital holographic setup to record side-scattered light from particles.
    • Reconstructed a 3D volume containing both intensity and phase information.
    • Developed a parametric model based on Chebyshev polynomials to estimate wavefront curvature from phase anomalies.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed method accurately determines axial particle positions by analyzing wavefront curvature sign changes.
    • Simulations demonstrated improved performance with noise reduction: standard deviation decreased from 3-39 μm to 6-10 μm.
    • Experimental validation showed a significant improvement in axial localization accuracy, reducing standard deviation from 18 μm to 13 μm.

    Conclusions:

    • The Chebyshev polynomial-based wavefront curvature estimation offers a robust solution for particle axial localization in DHM.
    • This method significantly enhances positioning accuracy, especially under noisy experimental conditions.
    • The findings contribute to more reliable quantitative analysis of micrometer-sized particles using holographic techniques.