Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers01:24

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

1.5K
Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...
1.5K
Classification of Skeletal Muscle Fibers01:48

Classification of Skeletal Muscle Fibers

59.6K
Skeletal muscles continuously produce ATP to provide the energy that enables muscle contractions. Skeletal muscle fibers can be categorized into three types based on differences in their contraction speed and how they produce ATP, as well as physical differences related to these factors. Most human muscles contain all three muscle fiber types, albeit in varying proportions.
Slow-Twitch Muscle Fibers
Slow oxidative, muscle fibers appear red due to large numbers of capillaries and high levels of...
59.6K
Drug Distribution: Volume of Distribution01:25

Drug Distribution: Volume of Distribution

7.6K
The volume of distribution refers to the theoretical volume necessary to contain the entire amount of an administered drug at the same concentration observed in the blood plasma. The body's intracellular fluid compartment, which makes up two-thirds of the total body water, is contrasted with the extracellular fluid compartment—comprising plasma and interstitial fluid—that accounts for one-third. The volume of distribution can vary depending on the characteristics of the drug.
7.6K
Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate02:55

Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate

89.4K
The Collision Theory
Atoms, molecules, or ions must collide before they can react with each other. Atoms must be close together to form chemical bonds. This premise is the basis for a theory that explains many observations regarding chemical kinetics, including factors affecting reaction rates.
The collision theory is based on the postulates that (i) the reaction rate is proportional to the rate of reactant collisions, (ii) the reacting species collide in an orientation allowing contact between...
89.4K
F Distribution01:19

F Distribution

10.7K
The F distribution was named after Sir Ronald Fisher, an English statistician. The F statistic is a ratio (a fraction) with two sets of degrees of freedom; one for the numerator and one for the denominator. The F distribution is derived from the Student's t distribution. The values of the F distribution are squares of the corresponding values of the t distribution. One-Way ANOVA expands the t test for comparing more than two groups. The scope of that derivation is beyond the level of this...
10.7K
Body Temperature01:25

Body Temperature

5.0K
The body's temperature, measured in degrees, is determined by the balance between heat production and dissipation to the surrounding environment. For instance, if exercising vigorously, the body will produce more heat, causing sweat and dissipating that heat. Despite extreme environmental conditions and physical exertion, the human temperature-control system maintains a constant core body temperature (the temperature of deep tissues, which are the tissues located beneath the skin and other...
5.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Highly precise optical detection of mass destruction nerve agents based on photonic crystal fibers.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

A Compact 2-D photonic crystal biomedical sensor for enhanced glucose concentration detection in urine.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Free space optical communications system performance under atmospheric scattering and turbulence for 850 and 1550  nm operation.

Applied optics·2016
Same author

Exploring the effect of diffuse reflection on indoor localization systems based on RSSI-VLC.

Optics express·2015
Same author

Design and performance evaluation of a dispersion compensation unit using several chirping functions in a tanh apodized FBG and comparison with dispersion compensation fiber.

Applied optics·2014

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
08:48

Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers

Published on: April 20, 2016

8.7K

Ultra-sensitive quasi-distributed temperature sensor based on an apodized fiber Bragg grating.

Nazmi A Mohammed, Hatem O El Serafy

    Applied Optics
    |January 13, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces an optimized modified-Nuttal apodization profile for fiber Bragg gratings, enhancing quasi-distributed temperature sensing accuracy. The proposed profile achieves superior side lobe suppression and isolation for robust temperature monitoring networks.

    More Related Videos

    A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings
    08:23

    A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings

    Published on: September 30, 2019

    6.7K
    Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping
    09:48

    Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping

    Published on: November 7, 2016

    12.5K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Feb 15, 2026

    Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
    08:48

    Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers

    Published on: April 20, 2016

    8.7K
    A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings
    08:23

    A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings

    Published on: September 30, 2019

    6.7K
    Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping
    09:48

    Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping

    Published on: November 7, 2016

    12.5K

    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Fiber optic sensing
    • Materials science

    Background:

    • Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are crucial for sensing applications.
    • Quasi-distributed sensing offers advantages in spatial resolution and multiplexing.
    • Apodization profiles significantly impact FBG sensor performance, particularly side lobe suppression.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and optimize an apodization function for quasi-distributed temperature sensing.
    • To investigate the impact of apodization profiles on sensor accuracy and side lobe characteristics.
    • To compare the proposed profile with existing methods for FBG-based temperature sensors.

    Main Methods:

    • Mathematical formulation and testing of a novel apodization function.
    • Parametric optimization using coupled mode theory (CMT).
    • Comparative analysis of different apodization profiles (modified-Nuttal vs. literature examples).

    Main Results:

    • The modified-Nuttal profile optimized at L=15 mm and Δn=1.4×10⁻⁴ demonstrates excellent performance.
    • Achieved reflectivity peak: -0.426 dB, FWHM: 0.0808 nm.
    • Minimized side lobe levels (SL max: 7.037×10⁻¹² dB, SL avg: 3.883×10⁻¹² dB) and SLSR: 1.875×10⁻¹¹ dB.
    • Single-stage sensor sensitivity: 0.0136 nm/°C.
    • Five-stage network achieved 91 dB isolation (no temperature) and 4.83 dB (at 110°C).

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed modified-Nuttal apodization profile is optimal for quasi-distributed temperature sensing networks.
    • Consistency in apodization profiles within a quasi-distributed network is critical for maintaining performance.
    • The optimized FBG sensor offers high accuracy and robust isolation for temperature monitoring.