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    Spatial coherence significantly impacts image reconstruction quality in coherent diffractive x-ray imaging. Near-field settings show greater robustness to partial coherence than far-field, improving imaging applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Optics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) is a powerful lensless imaging technique.
    • Image reconstruction quality in CDI is sensitive to the coherence of the illumination source.
    • Understanding the impact of spatial coherence is crucial for optimizing CDI experiments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of spatial coherence on image reconstruction in coherent diffractive x-ray imaging.
    • To compare the robustness of near-field and far-field imaging regimes under partially coherent illumination.

    Main Methods:

    • Numerical simulations of diffraction data acquisition under partial coherence.
    • Iterative image reconstruction algorithms utilizing a support constraint.
    • Comparative analysis of reconstruction quality across different experimental parameters and regimes.

    Main Results:

    • Spatial coherence critically influences the fidelity of reconstructed images in CDI.
    • The near-field imaging configuration demonstrates superior robustness against partially coherent illumination compared to the far-field.
    • Reconstruction quality degrades more rapidly with decreasing coherence in the far-field setting.

    Conclusions:

    • Partial spatial coherence poses a significant challenge to high-quality image reconstruction in CDI.
    • The near-field geometry offers a more resilient experimental setup for CDI when dealing with imperfectly coherent sources.
    • These findings guide the optimization of experimental parameters for advanced x-ray imaging techniques.