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Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

21.0K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
21.0K
Group Polarization01:01

Group Polarization

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Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
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Molecular Shape and Polarity03:37

Molecular Shape and Polarity

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Dipole Moment of a Molecule
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Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
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Bonding in Metals02:32

Bonding in Metals

53.0K
Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
53.0K
Alkali Metals03:06

Alkali Metals

25.0K
Group 1 elements are soft and shiny metallic solids. They are malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity. The melting points of the alkali metals are unusually low for metals and decrease going down the group, while the density increases going down the group with the exception of potassium (Table 1).
Table 1: Properties of the alkali metals
25.0K

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Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements
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Broadband integrated polarization rotator using three-layer metallic grating structures.

Ren-Hao Fan, Dong Liu, Ru-Wen Peng

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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We developed a broadband integrated polarization rotator using metallic gratings. This device efficiently rotates polarized light to any direction, enabling diverse applications in science and technology.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Nanotechnology
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Polarization control is crucial in various optical systems.
    • Existing polarization rotators often have limitations in bandwidth or efficiency.
    • Integrated optical devices offer miniaturization and enhanced functionality.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a novel broadband integrated polarization rotator (IPR).
    • To achieve efficient and tunable polarization rotation using metallic grating structures.
    • To explore the potential applications of the developed IPR.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a transmissive optical IPR using a series of three-layer rotating metallic grating structures.
    • Characterization of the polarization rotation performance across a broadband spectrum.
    • Analysis of the underlying physical mechanism, involving multi-wave interference.

    Main Results:

    • The IPR demonstrated high conversion efficiency for polarization rotation.
    • The efficiency remained nearly constant across different rotation angles.
    • The device operated effectively over a broadband spectrum.
    • The polarization rotation was attributed to multi-wave interference within the grating structure.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed broadband integrated polarization rotator offers efficient and versatile polarization control.
    • The device's performance is consistent across various rotation angles and broadband wavelengths.
    • This technology holds significant promise for applications in analytical chemistry, biology, communication technology, and imaging.