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Related Concept Videos

Body Temperature01:25

Body Temperature

5.0K
The body's temperature, measured in degrees, is determined by the balance between heat production and dissipation to the surrounding environment. For instance, if exercising vigorously, the body will produce more heat, causing sweat and dissipating that heat. Despite extreme environmental conditions and physical exertion, the human temperature-control system maintains a constant core body temperature (the temperature of deep tissues, which are the tissues located beneath the skin and other...
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Body Temperature01:07

Body Temperature

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Body temperature reflects the equilibrium between heat production and heat loss within the body. Most heat is generated by metabolically active tissues, particularly the liver, heart, brain, kidneys, and endocrine organs. At rest, skeletal muscles contribute 20–30% of total heat production, but during vigorous exercise, this can increase up to 30–40 times.
The average body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F) and typically ranges from 36.1–37.2°C...
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Effects of Temperature on Free Energy02:11

Effects of Temperature on Free Energy

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The spontaneity of a process depends upon the temperature of the system. Phase transitions, for example, will proceed spontaneously in one direction or the other depending upon the temperature of the substance in question. Likewise, some chemical reactions can also exhibit temperature-dependent spontaneities. To illustrate this concept, the equation relating free energy change to the enthalpy and entropy changes for the process is considered:
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Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

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As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
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Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

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A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
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Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

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A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Author Spotlight: Fabrication of a Low-Cost, Fiber-Coupled, and Air-Spaced Fabry-Pérot Etalon
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High-Temperature Sensor Based on Fabry-Perot Interferometer in Microfiber Tip.

Zhenshi Chen1, Songsong Xiong2, Shecheng Gao3

  • 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. zhenshichan@gmail.com.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary

A novel miniaturized tip Fabry-Perot interferometer (tip-FPI) enables high-temperature sensing up to 1000°C. This compact fiber optic sensor offers high sensitivity for localized detection in harsh environments.

Keywords:
FPIoptical fiber sensortemperature

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Materials Science
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Accurate high-temperature sensing is crucial for various industrial and scientific applications.
  • Existing sensors often face limitations in harsh environments or spatial resolution.
  • Miniaturized optical sensors offer potential for localized measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a novel miniaturized tip Fabry-Perot interferometer (tip-FPI) for high-temperature sensing.
  • To investigate the fabrication simplicity and performance of the proposed sensor.
  • To evaluate the sensor's suitability for localized detection in extreme conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of the tip-FPI by splicing a microfiber (MF) to a single-mode fiber (SMF).
  • Utilizing the MF as a Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity for sensing.
  • Monitoring changes in the reflected interference spectrum due to temperature-induced variations in cavity length and refractive index.

Main Results:

  • Successful fabrication of a compact tip-FPI with a tip diameter and length in the tens of microns.
  • Demonstration of high-temperature sensing up to 1000 °C.
  • Achieved high sensitivity of 13.6 pm/°C.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed tip-FPI is a simple and effective solution for high-temperature sensing.
  • Its miniaturized form factor and robustness make it ideal for localized measurements in harsh environments.
  • This sensor technology holds promise for advanced applications requiring precise thermal monitoring.