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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
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Frequency response analysis in electrical circuits provides vital insights into a circuit's behavior as the frequency of the input signal changes. The transfer function, a mathematical tool, is instrumental in understanding this behavior. It defines the relationship between phasor output and input and comes in four types: voltage gain, current gain, transfer impedance, and transfer admittance. The critical components of the transfer function are the poles and zeros.
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Purification of Ubiquitinated p53 Proteins from Mammalian Cells
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Friend or Foe: MicroRNAs in the p53 network.

Zhenghua Luo1, Ri Cui1, Esmerina Tili2

  • 1Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA.

Cancer Letters
|January 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs play a dual role in cancer, either suppressing tumors with wild-type TP53 or promoting them with mutant TP53. They also regulate TP53 expression, impacting tumor development.

Keywords:
microRNAp53

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • The TP53 gene, a critical tumor suppressor, is altered in over half of human cancers.
  • p53 acts as a transcriptional regulator, influencing microRNA expression and vice versa.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the multifaceted roles of microRNAs in cancer development concerning wild-type and mutant TP53.
  • To understand how microRNAs regulate TP53 expression and function.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of microRNA-TP53 interactions.
  • Investigating the impact of microRNAs on tumor suppressor and oncogenic pathways.

Main Results:

  • Wild-type p53 utilizes microRNAs for tumor suppression.
  • Gain-of-function mutant p53 activates microRNAs that promote oncogenesis.
  • MicroRNAs also regulate TP53 expression, affecting both wild-type and mutant forms.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs exhibit context-dependent roles in cancer, either suppressing or promoting tumor development based on TP53 status.
  • MicroRNA-mediated regulation of TP53 is a significant factor in cancer progression.