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E-cigarette research heavily focuses on user behavior (Host) but neglects environmental factors. This imbalance, along with a lack of product specificity, hinders tobacco control and policy development.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Tobacco Control
  • Regulatory Science

Background:

  • E-cigarette research has expanded significantly.
  • Understanding the scope of current research is crucial for effective public health interventions and policy.
  • The Host-Agent-Vector-Environment (HAVE) model provides a framework for analyzing research domains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the focus and comprehensiveness of domains measured in e-cigarette research.
  • To identify research gaps and inform future study designs.

Main Methods:

  • Portfolio analysis of National Institutes of Health grants (2007-2015) on e-cigarette research.
  • Coding of 81 grant proposals using the Host-Agent-Vector-Environment (HAVE) model.
  • Characterization of proposed measures within each HAVE domain.

Main Results:

  • The Host domain was most frequently studied (73%), focusing on intrapersonal measures and use trajectories.
  • Agent (21%) and Vector (6%) domains showed less focus, primarily on product composition and marketing, respectively.
  • Environment measures were minimally studied (0%), with secondary focus on peer and social networks. A majority of studies (64%) lacked specificity regarding e-cigarette devices or liquids.

Conclusions:

  • E-cigarette research exhibits a significant imbalance, with an overemphasis on Host factors and a neglect of Environment.
  • This focus may limit the evidence base for effective tobacco control and regulatory science.
  • Lack of product specificity impedes cross-study comparisons and the development of informed tobacco policy.