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Accommodative esotropia: the state of the art
Andrea Lembo1, Massimiliano Serafino2, Marika Dello Strologo2
1Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Multimedica, University of Milan, Eye Clinic San Giuseppe Hospital, Via San Vittore, 12, 20123, Milan, Italy. andrealembo1984@hotmail.com.
Accommodative esotropia (AE), a common strabismus in children, is often treated successfully with optical correction. However, about 30% of patients with this accommodative convergence/accommodation issue may require surgery.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Ophthalmology
- Strabismology
Background:
- Accommodative Esotropia (AE) is a significant form of strabismus.
- It is characterized by convergent misalignment of the visual axes.
- AE is often associated with hyperopia and abnormal fusional divergence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a comprehensive review of the current literature on Accommodative Esotropia (AE).
- To analyze the existing knowledge regarding the diagnosis and management of AE.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed.
- Keywords included "Accommodative esotropia", "Infantile esotropia", "Strabismus", and "Accommodation".
- Articles were critically appraised and analyzed in the context of current AE management.
Main Results:
- Accommodative Esotropia (AE) is a convergent strabismus, often linked to hyperopia and abnormal accommodative convergence/accommodation ratios.
- It typically presents as intermittent esodeviation in children aged 1.5 to 4 years.
- The prevalence of AE is estimated at 1-2% in the United States.
Conclusions:
- Optical correction is the primary and often successful treatment for AE.
- Approximately 30% of AE cases necessitate surgical intervention for alignment.
- Further research into the underlying mechanisms and optimal management strategies for AE is warranted.
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