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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Intestines01:23

Anatomy of the Intestines

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Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
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Small Intestine01:15

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The small intestine is primarily responsible for digestion and nutrient absorption. It spans from the pyloric sphincter to the ileocecal valve and connects to the large intestine.
The small intestine is divided into three main sections - the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The duodenum, approximately 25 cm long, is nearest the stomach. It acts as a 'mixing bowl,' where chyme (partially digested food) blends with digestive enzymes from the pancreas and liver. The duodenum's unique...
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Large Intestine01:09

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The large intestine is divided into three main regions: the cecum, colon, and rectum. Extending from the ileocecal valve to the anus, it frames the small intestine on three sides.
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The large intestine, a vital component of the gastrointestinal tract, is structured with four main layers: the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa. Each layer performs a distinct role in facilitating the smooth functioning of the large intestine.
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Histology of the Small Intestine01:27

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The small intestine exhibits a unique histological structure that significantly enhances its function in digestion and nutrient absorption. These structures include circular folds, villi, and various specialized cells that collectively facilitate the digestion of food.
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Tissues01:18

Tissues

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Cells with similar structure and function are grouped into tissues. A group of tissues with a specialized function is called an organ. There are four main types of tissue in vertebrates: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous.
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Tissue Engineering of a Human 3D in vitro Tumor Test System
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Multifunctional Bioreactor System for Human Intestine Tissues.

Wenda Zhou1,2, Ying Chen1, Terrence Roh1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|January 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Engineered human intestinal tissues in a novel bioreactor system mimic in vivo conditions. This breakthrough advances regenerative medicine for intestinal diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Developing in vitro models of intestinal microenvironments is crucial for treating intestinal diseases.
  • Previous work established 3D silk scaffolds for static intestinal cell culture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and fabricate a multifunctional bioreactor for dynamic in vitro engineering of human intestinal tissues.
  • To create a system that replicates the mechanical, chemical, and oxygen gradients of native intestines.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of pre-epithelialized 3D silk scaffolds into a dynamic bioreactor system.
  • Control over oxygen levels in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) (aerobic, microaerobic, anaerobic).
  • Spatial separation and co-culture of epithelial and stromal cells within the bioreactor.

Main Results:

  • Successful survival and maintenance of intestinal tissue constructs in the bioreactor.
  • Demonstrated typical intestinal epithelial phenotypes: tight junction formation, biomarker expression, microvilli, and mucus secretion.
  • Validated the bioreactor's ability to control microenvironmental conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The dynamic bioreactor system effectively engineers human intestinal tissues in vitro.
  • This technology holds promise for studying intestinal diseases and developing new therapeutic strategies.
  • The system provides a more physiologically relevant model compared to static cultures.