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The changing relationship between bronchopulmonary dysplasia and cognition in very preterm infants

Jane E Brumbaugh1, Tarah T Colaizy2, Neel M Patel2

  • 1Division of Neonatal Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|January 16, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) severity did not independently affect cognitive outcomes in infants. Cognitive scores below 85 were not significantly linked to BPD severity in this study.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Pediatric Neurology

Background:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease affecting preterm infants.
  • Cognitive impairment is a recognized complication in survivors of severe BPD.
  • The relationship between BPD severity and cognitive function in the post-surfactant era requires further characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and cognitive development in infants.
  • To determine if BPD severity influences cognitive outcomes at 18-26 months corrected age.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 151 infants born between 2009-2012 with gestational age 22-31 weeks.
  • Infants classified by BPD severity using NIH Workshop criteria.
  • Cognitive function assessed using Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-III at 18-26 months corrected age.

Main Results:

  • No significant association was found between BPD severity and cognitive scores in univariate or multivariate analyses.
  • The proportion of infants with cognitive scores <85 increased with BPD severity (27% mild, 33% moderate, 40% severe).
  • No significant difference in the odds of cognitive score <85 based on BPD severity was observed.

Conclusions:

  • BPD severity did not demonstrate an independent effect on cognitive outcomes in this cohort.
  • The likelihood of having a cognitive score below 85 was not associated with BPD severity.
  • Further research may be needed to explore other factors influencing cognitive development in BPD survivors.
Abstract

Keywords:
BayleyBronchopulmonary dysplasiaCognitionNeurodevelopmentVery low birthweight

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