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H9N2 influenza virus isolated from minks has enhanced virulence in mice

R Xue1, Y Tian1,2,3, T Hou2

  • 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agriculture University, Taian, China.

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
|January 16, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Two H9N2 avian influenza viruses in minks showed varied virulence in mice. One H9N2 virus, with a PB2 701N mutation, caused severe illness and mortality, suggesting potential for mammalian adaptation.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Zoonotic Disease Research

Background:

  • H9N2 avian influenza viruses are prevalent in Chinese poultry with broad host adaptability.
  • Mink farms can serve as interfaces for influenza virus transmission between avian and mammalian species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic and pathogenic characteristics of H9N2 influenza viruses isolated from mink.
  • To assess the potential for H9N2 virus adaptation to mammals.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and characterization of H9N2 influenza viruses from mink.
  • Phylogenetic analysis of viral gene segments.
  • Pathogenicity studies in a mouse model.
  • Genetic analysis of viral proteins, focusing on the PB2 gene.

Main Results:

  • Two distinct H9N2 virus lineages were identified, suggesting independent introductions into the mink population.
  • One H9N2 isolate exhibited significant virulence in mice, causing weight loss and 20% mortality.
  • The virulent H9N2 isolate possessed a specific mutation (PB2 701N) associated with mammalian adaptation, absent in the avirulent isolate.

Conclusions:

  • Mink can be infected by H9N2 avian influenza viruses.
  • The presence of specific mutations, like PB2 701N, in H9N2 viruses circulating in mink may facilitate mammalian adaptation.
  • Continuous surveillance of influenza viruses in mink populations is crucial for monitoring potential zoonotic threats.
Keywords:
701NH9N2influenza A virusminkpathogenicityphylogenetic analysis

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