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Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Wet-spinning-based Molding Process of Gelatin for Tissue Regeneration
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Gelatin-Based Hemostatic Agents: Histopathologic Differences.

Natalie Wolkow1, Frederick A Jakobiec1, Michael K Yoon2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and the Harvard Medical School, David Cogan Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory.

Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
|January 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Histopathologic analysis of gelatin hemostatic agents (Surgiflo, Gelfoam, Floseal) reveals distinct morphologic characteristics. Elastin staining is particularly useful for identifying these foreign materials in tissue samples.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmic plastic surgery
  • Surgical pathology
  • Biomaterials science

Background:

  • Gelatin-based hemostatic agents are frequently used in ophthalmic plastic surgery.
  • These agents can be incidentally encountered as foreign material in histopathologic specimens.
  • Accurate identification is crucial for correct histopathologic interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the histopathologic appearance of common gelatin-based hemostatic agents: Surgiflo, Gelfoam, and Floseal.
  • To evaluate the utility of various stains in identifying these agents in tissue samples.
  • To differentiate these agents from other foreign materials.

Main Methods:

  • Histopathologic analysis of tissue samples containing gelatin agents using hematoxylin-eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, Masson trichrome, and elastin stains.
  • In vitro analysis of commonly used gelatin-based hemostatic agents using the same staining techniques.
  • Morphologic and staining property comparison between agents and in different conditions (in vitro vs. in tissue).

Main Results:

  • Surgiflo and Gelfoam exhibit small, stellate gelatin pieces with smooth, homogeneous quality.
  • Floseal presents as large, rectangular sheets of gelatin.
  • Staining properties varied: faint PAS, amphophilic Masson trichrome, and prominent ink-black elastin staining for Surgiflo and Gelfoam; similar in vitro staining for Floseal.
  • Staining characteristics differed when agents were in contact with human tissue.

Conclusions:

  • Gelatin-derived hemostatic agents are identifiable by their distinct morphologic features.
  • Elastin staining is a valuable tool for prominent visualization of these agents in tissue.
  • Morphologic assessment combined with elastin staining aids in distinguishing gelatin agents from other foreign materials.