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Updated: Feb 15, 2026
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Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans
Published on: October 17, 2018
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Hemodynamic and metabolic responses to self-paced and ramp-graded exercise testing protocols
Nicholas M Beltz1, Fabiano T Amorim2, Ann L Gibson2
1a Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Eau Claire, WI 54701, USA.
Summary
Self-paced exercise testing (SPV) provides similar maximal hemodynamic responses to traditional ramp exercise testing (RAMP). Both protocols are effective for assessing key fitness parameters like maximal oxygen uptake and ventilatory threshold.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Cardiovascular Physiology
Background:
- Maximal oxygen consumption during graded exercise testing (GXT) can differ between ramp (RAMP) and self-paced (SPV) protocols.
- These differences are often attributed to variations in cardiac output.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the hemodynamic and metabolic responses between RAMP and SPV treadmill exercise protocols.
- To evaluate the feasibility of SPV as a GXT protocol for assessing fitness parameters.
Main Methods:
- Sixteen recreationally trained men underwent two separate treadmill GXT protocols: SPV and RAMP.
- SPV involved five 2-minute stages with increasing speed, controlled by the Borg RPE scale.
- RAMP involved a continuous increase in speed until volitional exhaustion, with oxygen consumption, cardiac output, stroke volume, and blood lactate measured.
Main Results:
- Maximal values for oxygen uptake, heart rate, ventilation, cardiac output, stroke volume, arteriovenous oxygen difference, ventilatory threshold, and peak blood lactate were similar between SPV and RAMP.
- Stroke volume kinetics showed distinct patterns between the two protocols.
Conclusions:
- Self-paced exercise testing (SPV) elicits comparable maximal hemodynamic responses to ramp exercise testing (RAMP).
- SPV is a viable GXT protocol for identifying important fitness indicators, including maximal oxygen uptake, oxygen uptake kinetics, and ventilatory threshold.
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