Using mass struvite precipitation to remove recalcitrant nutrients and micropollutants from anaerobic digestion...

The primary objective of this research was to remove recalcitrant nutrients from anaerobically digested sludge dewatering centrate. A struvite precipitation methodology is proposed where salt crystals are encouraged to ballast colloidal particles through heterogeneous nucleation and subsequent crystal growth. The secondary objective was to assess presence of micropollutants in precipitates. Four biologically unique dewatering centrates were used to test the precipitation methodology on the variety of anaerobic digester configurations that can be expected from municipal wastewater treatment plant. The effect of digestion sludge retention time (2 day, 20 day) and digestion temperature (35 °C, 55 °C) on the removal of dissolved unreactive phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) was monitored. Averaged across all four centrates, the precipitation methodology resulted in dissolved unreactive P and N removal of 82.4% and 66.6%, respectively. Antimicrobial contaminants (triclosan, triclocarban) were observed in the precipitates at minute concentrations (<18 ng/g-dry solids). Therefore, mass struvite precipitation can provide a means of recalcitrant nutrient treatment and reactive nutrient recovery without the micropollutant burden of biosolids land application.