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Lynda M Murray1,2, Behdad Tahayori1,2, Maria Knikou3,4

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Transspinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) can modulate neural circuits. Thoracic tsDCS alters cortical excitability and spinal reflex function, with effects varying by stimulation polarity and body position.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Neuromodulation

Background:

  • The spinal cord integrates diverse neural signals.
  • Noninvasive transspinal stimulation offers potential for modulating neural circuits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in cortical excitability and corticospinal/spinal neural circuit function following thoracic transspinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS).
  • To compare effects of cathodal, anodal, and sham tsDCS on neural circuits in healthy individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy individuals received cathodal, anodal, or sham tsDCS to the thoracic region.
  • Cortical excitability and spinal input/output function were assessed before and after stimulation.
  • Measurements included intracortical inhibition/facilitation and spinal reflex function.

Main Results:

  • Intracortical inhibition varied by polarity but not time.
  • Intracortical facilitation increased with seated cathodal/anodal tsDCS and decreased with supine cathodal tsDCS.
  • Cathodal tsDCS in supine position yielded greater, sustained corticospinal excitability increase.
  • Cathodal tsDCS decreased spinal input/output reflex function, while anodal tsDCS did not.

Conclusions:

  • Thoracic tsDCS can modulate cortical, corticospinal, and spinal motor output concurrently.
  • Observed changes may relate to altered neural activity and membrane potentials, potentially involving motor learning mechanisms.
  • Stimulation polarity and body position influence the neuromodulatory effects of tsDCS.