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Related Concept Videos

Somatic Spinal Reflexes01:22

Somatic Spinal Reflexes

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Somatic spinal reflexes are rapid, involuntary muscular responses to external stimuli that involve the somatic musculature and the spinal cord.
One of the most well-known somatic spinal reflexes is the stretch reflex, which is activated by the sudden stretching of a muscle. This reflex involves the activation of specialized sensory receptors called muscle spindles, which are located in the muscle tissue and detect changes in the length and speed of muscle contractions. When a muscle is suddenly...
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Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways01:29

Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways

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Somatic sensory or somatosensory pathways refer to the neural pathways that carry information related to touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and proprioception from the skin, muscles, tendons, and joints to the brain. These pathways involve several stages of processing and integration of sensory information.
The somatosensory system is divided into three main pathways: the dorsal (or posterior) column-medial lemniscus, spinothalamic (or anterolateral), and spinocerebellar pathways.
The dorsal...
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Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

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Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
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Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

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Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Kinetic Measurement and Real Time Visualization of Somatic Reprogramming
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Kinetic Measurement and Real Time Visualization of Somatic Reprogramming

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Somatic Tinnitus.

Massimo Ralli1, Antonio Greco2, Fabrizio Cialente2

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.

The International Tinnitus Journal
|January 17, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Somatic tinnitus, linked to musculoskeletal issues rather than the ear, can be modulated by body movements and touch. Accurate diagnosis and treatment of these somatic disorders are crucial for effective management.

Keywords:
hearing losshyperacusissomatic modulation of tinnitussomatic tinnitussomatosensory tinnitustinnitus

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Audiology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Tinnitus characteristics like pitch and loudness can be modulated by various physical stimuli.
  • Somatic disorders, involving the musculoskeletal system, can influence or cause tinnitus.
  • Somatic tinnitus is defined when tinnitus is preceded or strictly linked to a somatic disorder.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on somatic tinnitus.
  • To present and discuss clinical cases of somatic tinnitus.
  • To highlight diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for somatic tinnitus.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of somatic tinnitus.
  • Case study analysis of patients with somatic tinnitus.
  • Description of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Somatic modulation of tinnitus varies significantly between individuals.
  • Identification of somatic tinnitus can be challenging.
  • Case examples illustrate diagnostic and therapeutic nuances.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of underlying somatic disorders is key for managing somatic tinnitus.
  • Understanding the complex interplay between auditory and somatosensory systems is vital.
  • Clinical case discussions offer insights into managing somatic tinnitus.