Coronary Arteriovenous Fistula in Continuity With the Aortic Arch

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Vascular Surgery
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Coronary arteriovenous fistulas (CAFs) are abnormal connections between coronary arteries and cardiac chambers or great vessels.
• CAFs originating from the aortic arch and involving aberrant vessels on the pulmonary artery surface are exceptionally rare.

Observation:

• Two patients presented with a rare and unique arteriovenous network.
• The fistula was noted to be in direct continuity with the aortic arch.
• Abnormal vessels coursed along the surface of the pulmonary artery.

Findings:

• The study details the diagnostic challenges and therapeutic strategies for this rare anomaly.
• A comprehensive literature review was conducted to contextualize these findings.

Implications:

• This case series expands the understanding of rare coronary arteriovenous fistula presentations.
• Improved diagnostic and treatment protocols may arise from recognizing such unique vascular anomalies.
• Highlights the importance of advanced imaging in diagnosing complex congenital heart disease and vascular malformations.