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Insulin sensitivity predicts brain network connectivity following a meal
John P Ryan1, Helmet T Karim2, Howard J Aizenstein3
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Neuroimage
|January 18, 2018
Summary
Individuals with insulin resistance show altered brain connectivity after meals, potentially promoting overeating. Insulin resistance may impair the brain's ability to shift from reward to cognitive control following food intake.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Metabolic Health
- Brain Imaging
Background:
- Insulin influences brain reward pathways and cognition.
- The impact of insulin resistance on these brain functions is not well understood.
- Understanding this link is crucial for metabolic health research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between insulin resistance and brain functional connectivity after a meal.
- To explore how insulin sensitivity affects neural responses to food intake.
- To identify potential mechanisms linking insulin resistance to altered eating behaviors.
Main Methods:
- Assessed insulin resistance using a frequently-sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test.
- Acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data after a meal and fasting.
- Analyzed seed-based connectivity of the caudate nucleus and eigenvector centrality.
Main Results:
- Greater insulin resistance correlated with stronger reward network connectivity post-meal.
- Insulin resistance was negatively associated with dorsal anterior cingulate cortex centrality after eating.
- These findings suggest impaired brain network shifts from reward to cognitive control in insulin resistance.
Conclusions:
- Insulin resistance may hinder the brain's ability to transition from reward processing to cognitive control after meals.
- Altered brain feedback loops in insulin resistance could contribute to overeating and obesity.
- This study highlights the neural underpinnings of metabolic dysfunction and eating behavior.
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