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Location-Specific Oral Microbiome Possesses Features Associated With CKD.

Jianzhong Hu1, Srinivas Iragavarapu2, Girish N Nadkarni3

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The oral microbiome differs in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, with specific bacteria like Neisseria enriched and Veillonella depleted. This oral-kidney connection may offer new diagnostic and therapeutic targets for CKD.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Nephrology
  • Oral Health

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive renal decline with severe complications.
  • The oral microbiota is implicated in host health, but its role in CKD pathogenesis is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between oral microbiota composition and CKD status.
  • To identify specific oral microbial features predictive of CKD.

Main Methods:

  • Oral microbiota was analyzed from saliva and oral sites in 77 participants (18 with CKD, 59 without).
  • Microbial composition was compared between CKD and non-CKD groups and correlated with kidney function markers.

Main Results:

  • Oral microbiota composition varied significantly by oral location and was associated with CKD in saliva and anterior lingual samples.
  • CKD patients showed increased Neisseria and decreased Veillonella in saliva and lingual samples.
  • Neisseria and Streptococcus abundance negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate and positively with interleukin-18 levels.

Conclusions:

  • The oral microbiome is associated with CKD and inflammatory kidney biomarkers.
  • Commensal oral bacteria may play a role in CKD pathogenesis.
  • Understanding the oral-CKD interplay could lead to novel diagnostic or therapeutic strategies.