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The Periodic Table03:25

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As early chemists discovered more elements, they realized that various elements could be grouped by their similar chemical behaviors. One such grouping includes lithium (Li), sodium (Na), and potassium (K). All of these elements are shiny, conduct heat and electricity well, and have similar chemical properties. A second grouping includes calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba), which also are shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity, and have chemical properties in common. However,...
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A life table is a statistical tool that summarizes the mortality and survival patterns of a population, providing detailed insights into the likelihood of survival or death across different age intervals within a cohort. By organizing data on survival probabilities and mortality rates, life tables offer a clear snapshot of population dynamics over time. They are extensively used in demography, public health, actuarial science, and ecology to analyze life expectancy, design health interventions,...
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Related Experiment Video

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Isolation and Biophysical Study of Fruit Cuticles
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Cuticle and pore plug properties in the table egg.

G Kulshreshtha1, A Rodriguez-Navarro2, E Sanchez-Rodriguez2

  • 1Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8M5.

Poultry Science
|January 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The eggshell cuticle, a key defense against foodborne pathogens like Salmonella, varies in thickness and composition. Understanding these traits aids breeding programs for safer eggs.

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Area of Science:

  • Food science and animal science
  • Microbiology and food safety
  • Biochemistry and materials science

Background:

  • The eggshell cuticle is crucial for preventing pathogen entry into eggs.
  • Cuticle thickness and coverage are heritable traits linked to bacterial penetration resistance.
  • Food safety of table eggs is paramount due to contamination risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the chemical composition and pore plug structure of table egg cuticles.
  • To investigate how washing and hen age affect cuticle integrity.
  • To identify targets for selective breeding to improve egg food safety.

Main Methods:

  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for pore plug structure.
  • Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) for elemental composition.
  • Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for detailed chemical analysis.

Main Results:

  • Cuticle pore plugs remain intact after commercial washing.
  • Brown eggs exhibit greater eggshell thickness and cuticle pore length than white eggs.
  • Washing removes cuticle; hen age impacts cuticle composition (proteins, phosphates, polysaccharides, amides, lipids, sulfates).

Conclusions:

  • Cuticle integrity and pore plug stability are vital for enhancing egg resistance to pathogens.
  • Chemical composition of the cuticle varies with egg color and hen age.
  • Findings support selective breeding for improved egg food safety through cuticle enhancement.