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Published on: February 16, 2024
Achalasia Cardia in a Young Infant
V Poornachand1, K Kumarasamy2, S P Karamath2
1Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. poornachand.v@gmail.com.
Insights
Achalasia cardia, a rare esophageal disorder in infants, presents with vomiting and failure to thrive. Laparoscopic Heller myotomy is the standard treatment, while per-oral endoscopic myotomy is unstudied in pediatric patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Esophageal Motility Disorders
Background:
- Achalasia cardia is a rare esophageal motility disorder in children, particularly infants.
- Common symptoms include vomiting, dysphagia, regurgitation, pulmonary aspiration, and failure to thrive.
Abstract:
Achalasia cardia is an esophageal motility disorder rarely reported in children and more so in young infants. Common clinical presentations include vomiting, dysphagia, regurgitation, recurrent pulmonary aspiration and failure to thrive. Diagnosis is made by barium swallow study and esophageal manometry, which is the gold standard test. Pharmocological management and endotherapy often fails and results in recurrence of symptoms. Laparoscopic Hellers myotomy, with or without anti-reflux procedure is the standard treatment of choice for children. Per-oral endoscopic myotomy is utilized for treatment of achalasia in adults, but its safety, efficacy, and feasibility is not studied in children.
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