[Hallucinations and art]

BACKGROUND Hallucinations and art appear to be inextricably connected, and yet the question remains in how far artists make use of hallucinations for their work in daily practice.
AIM: To chart the ways in which the fine arts are influenced by hallucinations, an explorative literature search was carried out. METHOD The search was carried out in PubMed, Google, and the historical literature.
RESULTS: Some famous examples of artists who drew on hallucinations for their work, are Hildegard of Bingen, William Blake, and Yayoi Kusama. Especially among the surrealists, we also find indications of the use of pareidolias, metamorphopsias, and other positive disorders of visual perception.
CONCLUSION: In the art literature, the term hallucination is often used in a broader sense than in medicine. As a consequence, the suggestion that hallucinations would be lying at the basis of many works of art cannot be confirmed, even though some spectacular examples can certainly be pointed out.