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Prospective emotion enables episodic prospection to shift time preference.

Shunmin Zhang1, Juan Peng1, LingLing Qin1

  • 1Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.

British Journal of Psychology (London, England : 1953)
|January 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Episodic prospection (imagining future events) reduces time discounting, but only when evoking positive emotions. Negative emotions worsen time discounting, highlighting the crucial role of prospective emotion in modulating time preference.

Keywords:
episodic prospectionintertemporal choiceprospective emotiontemporal discounting

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • The episodic effect links imagining future events (episodic prospection) to reduced time discounting.
  • The mechanism by which episodic prospection influences time preference, particularly the role of prospective emotions, remains unclear.
  • Previous research on the emotional account of the episodic effect had methodological limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how episodic prospection influences time preference.
  • To test the hypothesis that prospective emotions mediate the episodic effect.
  • To refine experimental designs for studying the emotional underpinnings of time discounting.

Main Methods:

  • Replication and improvement of a previous experimental design.
  • Utilizing a delay discounting task with manipulated emotional valency of episodic prospection.
  • Comparing outcomes across positive, negative, and neutral (emotion-removed) episodic prospection conditions.

Main Results:

  • Positive episodic prospection significantly attenuated time discounting.
  • Negative episodic prospection significantly exacerbated time discounting.
  • Episodic prospection without prospective emotion did not alter time preference.

Conclusions:

  • The impact of episodic prospection on time preference is critically dependent on the prospective emotions evoked.
  • Prospective emotion is a key mediator in the episodic effect on time discounting.
  • Interventions aiming to reduce impulsive behaviors via episodic prospection must consider and manage associated emotional valence.