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Current-Nonlinear Hall Effect and Spin-Orbit Torque Magnetization Switching in a Magnetic Topological Insulator.

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Area of Science:

  • Spintronics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • The nonlinear Hall effect, specifically the second harmonic Hall voltage, is commonly used to measure charge-spin conversion efficiency.
  • This efficiency is typically linked to magnetization dynamics driven by spin-orbit torque (SOT).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the origins of the second harmonic Hall voltage in magnetic-nonmagnetic topological insulator heterostructures.
  • To determine if SOT is the primary driver of this voltage or if other mechanisms are involved.

Main Methods:

  • Studied Cr_{x}(Bi_{1-y}Sb_{y})_{2-x}Te_{3}/(Bi_{1-y}Sb_{y})_{2}Te_{3} topological insulator heterostructures.
  • Applied a large in-plane magnetic field and in-plane magnetization configuration.
  • Analyzed the contribution of asymmetric magnon scattering versus SOT to the second harmonic Hall voltage.

Main Results:

  • The large second harmonic Hall voltage observed was primarily governed by asymmetric magnon scattering, not SOT.
  • Macroscopic magnetization oscillation was absent, indicating SOT was not the dominant factor.
  • Demonstrated current-pulse-induced magnetization switching with a current density of 2.5×10^{10} A m^{-2}, confirming SOT's presence and potential.

Conclusions:

  • The second harmonic Hall voltage in these topological insulator heterostructures is not a reliable indicator of charge-spin conversion efficiency due to dominant magnon scattering.
  • Asymmetric magnon scattering significantly influences the observed nonlinear Hall effect.
  • These heterostructures show promise as spintronic materials due to demonstrated SOT-driven magnetization switching.