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Henry Brown1,2,3, Martyn J Binnie1,2, Brian Dawson1

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European Journal of Sport Science
|January 18, 2018
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Arterial occlusion pressure during ischemic preconditioning depends on limb, sex, blood pressure, and body composition. Cuff size significantly impacts upper limb occlusion pressure but not lower limbs.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Physiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is a phenomenon where brief ischemia protects tissues from subsequent longer ischemia.
  • Arterial occlusion pressure (AOP) is a critical parameter in IPC protocols, influencing their effectiveness.
  • Factors influencing AOP, such as limb selection and anthropometry, require further investigation for optimized IPC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of limb selection (upper vs. lower), cuff width, and anthropometric measures on AOP during IPC.
  • To determine how sex and body composition influence AOP in athletes undergoing IPC.
  • To establish predictive models for AOP based on various physiological and anthropometric parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty athletes (10 male, 10 female) underwent anthropometric and DXA assessments.
  • AOP was measured using Doppler ultrasound, followed by 5-minute occlusion periods.
  • Muscle oxygenation changes were monitored using NIRS, with data analyzed via linear regression models.

Main Results:

  • Mean AOP was significantly higher in lower limbs compared to upper limbs (161 vs. 133 mmHg).
  • Smaller cuffs resulted in higher AOP in upper limbs, but this effect was not observed in lower limbs.
  • Sex, SBP, limb/cuff size, and body composition (including DXA variables) collectively explained a significant portion of the variance in AOP (up to 91% for upper limbs).

Conclusions:

  • AOP during IPC in athletes is multifactorial, influenced by the limb occluded, sex, systolic blood pressure, and anthropometric characteristics.
  • Optimizing cuff size and considering individual anthropometry are crucial for accurate AOP determination in IPC protocols.
  • The findings provide a basis for more personalized IPC strategies in athletic populations.