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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Membrane Proteins01:16

Introduction to Membrane Proteins

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The cell membrane, or plasma membrane, is an ever-changing landscape. It is described as a fluid mosaic where various macromolecules are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer. Among the macromolecules are proteins. The protein content varies across cell types. For example, mitochondrial inner membranes contain ~76% protein content, while myelin contains ~18% protein content. Individual cells contain many types of membrane proteins—red blood cells contain over 50—and different cell...
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Lysosomes01:31

Lysosomes

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Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed spherical sacs derived from the Golgi apparatus. The most important function of the lysosome is degrading macromolecules and biological polymers that are released during membrane trafficking events such as the secretory, endocytic, autophagic, and phagocytic pathways. The degradation is carried out by several hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen. These acid hydrolases are involved in cellular processes such as cell signaling,...
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Membrane Proteins01:30

Membrane Proteins

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Plasma membranes have integral transmembrane proteins involved in facilitated transport. These proteins are collectively referred to as transport proteins, and they function as either channels for the material or as carriers themselves. Channel proteins have hydrophilic domains exposed to the intracellular and extracellular fluids and a hydrophilic channel through their core that provides a hydrated opening for solutes to pass through the membrane layers. Passage through the channel allows...
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Lysosomal Hydrolases01:22

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Lysosomes are the site for the degradation of macromolecules and biological polymers released during membrane trafficking events such as secretory, endocytic, autophagic, and phagocytic pathways. The membrane-enclosed area of the lysosome, called the lumen, contains hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment. These acid hydrolases are functional at a pH between 4.5 and 5 and are involved in cellular processes such as cell signaling, energy metabolism, restoration of the plasma membrane,...
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Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

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Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
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Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
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SorLA and CLC:CLF-1-dependent Downregulation of CNTFRα as Demonstrated by Western Blotting, Inhibition of Lysosomal Enzymes, and Immunocytochemistry
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Stat3-mediated alterations in lysosomal membrane protein composition.

Bethan Lloyd-Lewis1, Caroline C Krueger2, Timothy J Sargeant3

  • 1From the Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom, bethan.lloyd-lewis@curie.fr.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
|January 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) impacts lysosome function in mammary cells. Stat3 activation alters lysosomal proteins, suggesting a role in cell death pathways.

Keywords:
STAT3cell deathinvolutionlysosomelysosome purificationmammary epithelial cellsmammary glandproteomics

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Lysosomes are crucial for cellular homeostasis and signaling.
  • Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) influences lysosome biogenesis and cell death in mammary epithelial cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of Stat3 on lysosomal membrane protein composition.
  • To identify novel Stat3-regulated lysosomal components.

Main Methods:

  • Proteomic screening of lysosomal membrane proteins.
  • Iron nanoparticle enrichment strategy for lysosome purification.
  • Analysis of Stat3-induced changes in mammary epithelial cells.

Main Results:

  • Stat3 activation increased known lysosomal membrane proteins.
  • Stat3 induced the appearance of unexpected proteins, including annexins and flotillins.
  • Methodological improvements for lysosomal proteome analysis were achieved.

Conclusions:

  • Stat3 activation alters the lysosomal proteome in mammary epithelial cells.
  • Stat3 may coordinate endocytosis, trafficking, and lysosome biogenesis.
  • These findings contribute to understanding Stat3-driven lysosome-mediated cell death.