Effects of silver nanocolloids on plant complex type N-glycans in Oryza sativa roots

Silver nanomaterials have been mainly developed as antibacterial healthcare products worldwide, because of their antibacterial activity. However, there is little data regarding the potential risks and effects of large amounts of silver nanomaterials on plants. In contrast, N-glycans play important roles in various biological phenomena, and their structures and expressions are sensitive to ambient environmental changes. Therefore, to assesse the effects of silver nanomaterials, we focused on the correlation between N-glycans and the effects of silver nanomaterials in plants and analyzed N-glycan structures in Oryza sativa seedlings exposed to silver nanocolloids (SNCs). The phenotype analysis showed that the shoot was not affected by any SNC concentrations, whereas the high SNC exposed root was seriously damaged. Therefore, we performed comparative N-glycan analysis of roots. As a result, five of total N-glycans were significantly increased in SNC exposed roots, of which one was a free-N-glycan with one beta-N-acetylglucosamine residue at the reducing end. Our results suggest that the transition of plant complex type N-glycans, including free-N-glycans, was caused by abnormalities in O. sativa development, and free-N-glycan itself has an important role in plant development. This study originally adapted glycome transition analysis to environmental toxicology and proposed a new category called "Environmental glycobiology".