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Establishing Fungal Entomopathogens as Endophytes: Towards Endophytic Biological Control

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Published on: April 11, 2013

Landscape simplification reduces classical biological control and crop yield.

Heather Grab^1,2, Bryan Danforth¹, Katja Poveda¹

¹Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA.

Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America

|January 19, 2018

Summary

Agricultural simplification reduces biological pest control and parasitism rates. Restoring semi-natural habitats can increase crop yields by supporting natural enemies and boosting pest control services.

Keywords:

Lygus lineolaris Peristenus digoneutis agricultural landscape simplification biological control crop yield ecosystem services niche compression strawberry

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Area of Science:

Ecology
Agricultural Science
Conservation Biology

Background:

Agricultural intensification simplifies landscapes, negatively impacting ecosystem services like biological pest control.
Landscape context influences the success of conservation and classical biological control strategies.
Limited research exists on landscape structure's role in natural enemy establishment and native community interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between agricultural landscape simplification and biological control services.
To assess the impact of landscape structure on parasitism rates and pest densities.
To determine the effect of these interactions on crop yield.

Main Methods:

Field study examining parasitism rates and pest densities across varying degrees of agricultural landscape simplification.
Assessment of introduced and native parasitoid communities in crop habitats.
Correlation analysis between landscape features (semi-natural habitats), pest levels, and farm yields.

Main Results:

Agricultural simplification correlated with reduced parasitism rates of crop pests.
Only introduced parasitoids were detected; native parasitoids were absent regardless of landscape simplification.
Lower pest densities were observed in landscapes with more semi-natural habitats.
Farms with reduced semi-natural cover experienced lower yields due to higher pest numbers.

Conclusions:

Landscape simplification significantly mediates the success of biological control programs.
Classical biological control may pose risks to native natural enemies.
Conserving semi-natural habitats is crucial for enhancing biological control, conserving biodiversity, and improving crop yields.