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The Relationship between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Melatonin during Fetal Development
Yunho Jin1,2,3, Jeonghyun Choi4,5,6, Jinyoung Won7,8,9
1Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea. jynh33@naver.com.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 19, 2018
Summary
Melatonin, crucial for fetal neurodevelopment, may reduce autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk. Impaired melatonin synthesis in ASD patients highlights its potential neuroprotective role.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Biology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) involves neurodevelopmental challenges.
- Melatonin, a pineal gland hormone, offers neuroprotection and circadian rhythm regulation.
- Maternal melatonin crosses the placenta, influencing fetal development and circadian system establishment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the relationship between melatonin and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) during fetal development.
- To explore melatonin's potential role in mitigating ASD risk.
Main Methods:
- This is a review article, synthesizing existing research.
- Analysis of scientific literature on melatonin, fetal development, and ASD.
Main Results:
- Melatonin plays a vital role in establishing fetal circadian rhythms and neurodevelopment.
- Oxidative stress, reduced by melatonin, is implicated in ASD pathogenesis.
- Melatonin synthesis is often impaired in individuals with ASD.
Conclusions:
- The neuroprotective and circadian-regulating functions of melatonin may be key in preventing ASD.
- Maintaining adequate melatonin levels during pregnancy could be a strategy to reduce ASD risk.
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