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Antimicrobial Chemotherapy has a Linear Relationship to the Proportion of Gram-Negative Isolates from Pediatric Burn

Alexa Welk1, Myriam Herrnberger2, Veronika Engel3

  • 1Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.

Klinische Padiatrie
|January 19, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Antibacterial chemotherapy in pediatric burn patients appears to increase Gram-negative bacterial colonization and infection. This suggests a link between antimicrobial use and the rise of resistant Gram-negative bacteria in burn wounds.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric intensive care
  • Burn wound management
  • Infectious diseases

Background:

  • Burn wound infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children.
  • Gram-negative bacteria pose a threat in burn wound infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between antibacterial chemotherapy and Gram-negative burn wound colonization and infection in pediatric patients.
  • To assess the impact of antimicrobial agents on the prevalence of Gram-negative isolates in burn wounds.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of pediatric intensive care unit admissions for burn trauma.
  • Collection and analysis of 141 wound samples.
  • Evaluation of the correlation between antibacterial chemotherapy use and bacterial isolate types.

Main Results:

  • Gram-positive bacteria were the predominant isolates (65.7%).
  • A linear increase in Gram-negative isolates was observed with increasing antibacterial chemotherapy use (12.5% without, 36.8% with one agent, 48.9% with two agents).
  • The odds of Gram-negative isolation significantly increased with the number of antimicrobial agents administered.

Conclusions:

  • Antibacterial chemotherapy may facilitate burn wound colonization by Gram-negative bacteria.
  • Increased use of antimicrobial agents correlates with a higher incidence of Gram-negative isolates in pediatric burn wounds.

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