Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Kinetic Molecular Theory and Gas Laws Explain Properties of Gas Molecules

Kinetic Molecular Theory and Gas Laws Explain Properties of Gas Molecules

The test of the kinetic molecular theory (KMT) and its postulates is its ability to explain and describe the behavior of a gas. The various gas laws (Boyle’s, Charles’s, Gay-Lussac’s, Avogadro’s, and Dalton’s laws) can be derived from the assumptions of the KMT, which have led chemists to believe that the assumptions of the theory accurately represent the properties of gas molecules.

Basic Postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory: Particle Size, Energy, and Collision

Basic Postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory: Particle Size, Energy, and Collision

The ideal-gas equation, which is empirical, describes the behavior of gases by establishing relationships between their macroscopic properties. For example, Charles’ law states that volume and temperature are directly related. Gases, therefore, expand when heated at constant pressure. Although gas laws explain how the macroscopic properties change relative to one another, it does not explain the rationale behind it.

Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion

Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion

Although gaseous molecules travel at tremendous speeds (hundreds of meters per second), they collide with other gaseous molecules and travel in many different directions before reaching the desired target. At room temperature, a gaseous molecule will experience billions of collisions per second. The mean free path is the average distance a molecule travels between collisions. The mean free path increases with decreasing pressure; in general, the mean free path for a gaseous molecule will be...

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...

Gas Laws: Boyle's, Gay-Lussac, Charles', Avogadro's, and Ideal Gas Law

Gas Laws: Boyle's, Gay-Lussac, Charles', Avogadro's, and Ideal Gas Law

Through experiments, scientists established the mathematical relationships between pairs of variables, such as pressure and temperature, pressure and volume, volume and temperature, and volume and moles, that hold for an ideal gas.

Kinetic Molecular Theory: Molecular Velocities, Temperature, and Kinetic Energy

Kinetic Molecular Theory: Molecular Velocities, Temperature, and Kinetic Energy

The kinetic molecular theory qualitatively explains the behaviors described by the various gas laws. The postulates of this theory may be applied in a more quantitative fashion to derive these individual laws.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Mirror states enable lower viscosity lattice gases.

Physical review. E·2026

Same author

Analytical solution for dynamic evaporation of liquid in isothermal condition.

Physical review. E·2026

Same author

Convection can enhance the capacitive charging of porous electrodes.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

Same author

Integer lattice gas with a sampling collision operator for the fluctuating Navier-Stokes equation.

Physical review. E·2025

Same author

Overrelaxation in a diffusive integer lattice gas.

Physical review. E·2022

Same author

Integer lattice gas with a sampling collision operator for the fluctuating diffusion equation.

Physical review. E·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Visualizing Surface T-Cell Receptor Dynamics Four-Dimensionally Using Lattice Light-Sheet Microscopy

Visualizing Surface T-Cell Receptor Dynamics Four-Dimensionally Using Lattice Light-Sheet Microscopy

Published on: January 30, 2020

Lattice gas with molecular dynamics collision operator.

M Reza Parsa¹, Alexander J Wagner¹

¹Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, USA and Program in Materials and Nanotechnology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, USA.

Physical Review. E

|January 20, 2018

Summary

We developed an optimal lattice gas model using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. This approach accurately determines temperature and pressure in lattice Boltzmann simulations, considering lattice discretization effects.

More Related Videos

Indirect Fabrication of Lattice Metals with Thin Sections Using Centrifugal Casting

Indirect Fabrication of Lattice Metals with Thin Sections Using Centrifugal Casting

Published on: May 14, 2016

Microdialysis of Ethanol During Operant Ethanol Self-administration and Ethanol Determination by Gas Chromatography

Microdialysis of Ethanol During Operant Ethanol Self-administration and Ethanol Determination by Gas Chromatography

Published on: September 5, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Visualizing Surface T-Cell Receptor Dynamics Four-Dimensionally Using Lattice Light-Sheet Microscopy

Visualizing Surface T-Cell Receptor Dynamics Four-Dimensionally Using Lattice Light-Sheet Microscopy

Published on: January 30, 2020

Indirect Fabrication of Lattice Metals with Thin Sections Using Centrifugal Casting

Indirect Fabrication of Lattice Metals with Thin Sections Using Centrifugal Casting

Published on: May 14, 2016

Microdialysis of Ethanol During Operant Ethanol Self-administration and Ethanol Determination by Gas Chromatography

Microdialysis of Ethanol During Operant Ethanol Self-administration and Ethanol Determination by Gas Chromatography

Published on: September 5, 2012

Area of Science:

Computational physics
Statistical mechanics
Fluid dynamics

Background:

Lattice gas models are widely used in computational physics.
Standard lattice gases have limitations in representing complex systems.
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations offer detailed physical insights.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce an optimal lattice gas implementation informed by MD simulations.
To reconcile lattice Boltzmann algorithm behavior with this new lattice gas model.
To refine the understanding of thermodynamic properties in lattice-based simulations.

Main Methods:

Coarse-graining a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to create a lattice gas.
Developing a collision operator informed by the underlying MD simulation.
Comparing the equilibrium behavior of the lattice Boltzmann algorithm with the optimal lattice gas.

Main Results:

The proposed lattice gas implementation is optimal, representing any MD-simulatable system.
Equilibrium behavior of the lattice Boltzmann algorithm is consistent with the optimal lattice gas.
Accurate expressions for temperature and pressure in lattice Boltzmann simulations were identified, accounting for lattice discretization.

Conclusions:

The optimal lattice gas provides a more accurate framework for lattice Boltzmann simulations.
Lattice discretization significantly impacts the recovery of physical temperature and pressure.
Specific temporal discretizations are necessary for spatial discretizations to achieve lattice Boltzmann equilibrium.