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Self-induced temperature gradients in Brownian dynamics.

Jack Devine1, M W Jack1

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

Physical Review. E
|January 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Brownian systems can create their own temperature changes, affecting their movement. These self-induced temperature gradients slow down barrier crossing in one-dimensional systems.

Area of Science:

  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Thermodynamics

Background:

  • Brownian systems typically overcome energy barriers via heat exchange with their environment.
  • Existing models often assume rapid dissipation of temperature gradients, neglecting their dynamic influence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate Brownian dynamics where self-induced temperature gradients arise from heat exchange.
  • To explore the coupling between Brownian subsystems and their local environment.
  • To analyze the impact of self-induced gradients on system dynamics and thermodynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Relaxation of the instantaneous temperature dissipation assumption in Brownian dynamics.
  • Development of a numerical simulation method for coupled Brownian systems and environments.

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  • Focus on one-dimensional systems to analyze barrier-crossing rates.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated that self-induced temperature gradients significantly affect Brownian system dynamics.
    • Showed a reduction in barrier-crossing rates in one-dimensional systems due to these gradients.
    • Investigated heat engine and heat pump functionalities based on self-induced gradients.

    Conclusions:

    • Self-induced temperature gradients introduce a crucial coupling between Brownian motion and its thermal environment.
    • The dynamics are altered, leading to reduced barrier-crossing efficiency in simplified systems.
    • Potential applications in nanoscale heat devices are explored.