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Interfacial instability in active fluids is crucial for biological processes like wound healing. This study finds fingering instability is absent in minimal models, highlighting density variation

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Mathematical Biology
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Interfacial instability is a key phenomenon in biological processes, notably observed in epithelial wound healing where uniform healing of a straight edge is not achieved.
  • Active fluids, characterized by self-propelled constituent elements, exhibit complex behaviors relevant to biological systems.
  • Previous approximations for active fluid models have limitations in fully capturing interfacial dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform a linear stability analysis on a two-dimensional incompressible hydrodynamic model of an active fluid with an open interface.
  • To improve upon existing approximations for modeling interfacial phenomena in active fluids.
  • To categorize the stability of the active fluid model under experimentally relevant conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Linear stability analysis applied to a two-dimensional incompressible hydrodynamic model.
  • Investigation of an active fluid system with an open interface.
  • Mathematical modeling and theoretical analysis of interfacial dynamics.

Main Results:

  • The study categorizes the stability of the active fluid model.
  • Fingering instability was found to be consistently absent for experimentally relevant parameters within this minimal model.
  • The analysis provides a refined understanding of the model's stability characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • The minimal active fluid model, under the conditions studied, does not exhibit fingering instability.
  • Density variation is identified as a crucial factor for the occurrence of fingering instability in tissue regeneration.
  • These findings suggest that more complex factors, such as density gradients, are necessary to explain observed wound healing phenomena.