Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 15, 2026
08:10
Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas
Published on: May 25, 2021
5.7K
Time-dependent Tonks-Langmuir model is unstable.
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio Northern University, Ada, Ohio 45810 USA.
Physical Review. E
|January 20, 2018
Summary
We found unstable ion waves in a plasma discharge simulation. These low-frequency waves move toward the boundary, destabilized by the electric field.
Area of Science:
- Plasma Physics
- Computational Physics
Background:
- The Tonks-Langmuir model describes plasma discharges.
- Understanding plasma wave dynamics is crucial for various applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate a time-dependent extension of the Tonks-Langmuir model.
- To analyze the behavior of ions and electron dynamics in a 1D plasma discharge.
Main Methods:
- Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation was employed.
- Linear kinetic theory was used for analysis.
Main Results:
- Coherent, low-frequency, long-wavelength unstable ion waves were observed.
- Wave propagation speed was below ion acoustic speed and average ion velocity.
- Maximum wave potential amplitude reached ≈0.09T_{e} near the boundary.
Conclusions:
- The observed instability was identified as slow ion-acoustic wave modes.
- The zero-order electric field was found to destabilize these wave modes.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:20Chronopharmacokinetics: Time-Dependent Pharmacokinetics
432
Chronopharmacokinetics studies the temporal change in drug absorption and elimination. These changes can be cyclical or non-cyclical. Cyclical changes occur over a regular interval, while non-cyclical changes occur over a longer, irregular period.
Time-dependent pharmacokinetics refers to non-cyclical changes in drug rate processes over a period of time. It can lead to nonlinear pharmacokinetics, where the relationship between drug concentration and time is not proportional. Non-cyclical...
Time-dependent pharmacokinetics refers to non-cyclical changes in drug rate processes over a period of time. It can lead to nonlinear pharmacokinetics, where the relationship between drug concentration and time is not proportional. Non-cyclical...
432
02:39The Integrated Rate Law: The Dependence of Concentration on Time
44.2K
While the differential rate law relates the rate and concentrations of reactants, a second form of rate law called the integrated rate law relates concentrations of reactants and time. Integrated rate laws can be used to determine the amount of reactant or product present after a period of time or to estimate the time required for a reaction to proceed to a certain extent. For example, an integrated rate law helps determine the length of time a radioactive material must be stored for its...
44.2K
02:55Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate
89.4K
The Collision Theory
Atoms, molecules, or ions must collide before they can react with each other. Atoms must be close together to form chemical bonds. This premise is the basis for a theory that explains many observations regarding chemical kinetics, including factors affecting reaction rates.
The collision theory is based on the postulates that (i) the reaction rate is proportional to the rate of reactant collisions, (ii) the reacting species collide in an orientation allowing contact between...
Atoms, molecules, or ions must collide before they can react with each other. Atoms must be close together to form chemical bonds. This premise is the basis for a theory that explains many observations regarding chemical kinetics, including factors affecting reaction rates.
The collision theory is based on the postulates that (i) the reaction rate is proportional to the rate of reactant collisions, (ii) the reacting species collide in an orientation allowing contact between...
89.4K
01:21Frequency-dependent Selection
24.2K
When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
24.2K
01:17Drug Dependence
1.8K
Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
1.8K
01:19Contact-dependent Signaling
47.7K
Contact-dependent signaling, as the name suggests, requires that communicating cells be in direct contact with each other. This is achieved either through receptor-ligand interactions or by specialized cytoplasmic channels that allow the flow of small molecules between cells. In animal cells, channels called gap junctions facilitate contact-dependent signaling in certain tissues, whereas, plasmodesmata perform a similar function in plants.
Gap Junctions
In animal cells, gap junctions are formed...
Gap Junctions
In animal cells, gap junctions are formed...
47.7K