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Related Concept Videos

Electrical Current01:10

Electrical Current

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Electrical current is defined as the rate at which charge flows. When there is a large current present, such as that used to run a refrigerator, a large amount of charge moves through the wire in a small amount of time. If the current is small, such as that used to operate a handheld calculator, a small amount of charge moves through the circuit over a long period of time. The SI unit for current is the ampere (A), named for the French physicist André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836).
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Current Density01:21

Current Density

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The total amount of current flowing through one unit value of a cross-sectional area is referred to as current density. If the current flow is uniform, the amount of current flowing through a conductor is the same at all points along the conductor, even if the conductor area varies. The current density consists of the local magnitude and direction of the charge flow, which varies from point to point. Current density is measured in amperes per meter square, and direction is defined as the net...
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Eddy Currents01:25

Eddy Currents

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Since eddy currents occur only in conductors, magnets can separate metals from other materials. For example, in a recycling center, trash is dumped in batches down a ramp, beneath which lies a powerful magnet. Conductors in the trash are slowed by eddy currents, while nonmetals in the trash move on, separating from the metals. This works for all metals, not just ferromagnetic ones.
Other major applications of eddy currents appear in metal detectors and the braking systems of trains and roller...
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Displacement Current01:19

Displacement Current

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Ampère's law, in its usual form, does not work in places where the current changes with time and is not steady. Thus, Maxwell suggested including an additional contribution, called the displacement current, Id, to the real conduction current I.
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Charge and Current01:14

Charge and Current

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Electric charge is the most fundamental quantity in an electric circuit. The effects of electric charge are encountered daily, such as when a wool sweater sticks to the human body or when a person receives a shock while walking on a carpet.
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Current Dividers01:10

Current Dividers

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In parallel electrical connections, resistors are linked between the same pair of nodes, creating an equal voltage across each resistor. Kirchhoff's current law is applied to these connections, establishing that the sum of currents through these resistors equals the source current. Utilizing Ohm's law, the source current is determined as the product of the source voltage and the sum of the reciprocals of individual resistances. This relationship simplifies the process of finding the current...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
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3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

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Current management: migraine headache.

Stephen D Silberstein1

  • 1Jefferson Headache Center,Philadelphia,Pennsylvania,USA.

CNS Spectrums
|January 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary

New migraine treatments offer hope for patients. Novel drug delivery systems and targeted therapies, including Gepants and CGRP antibodies, show effectiveness for acute and preventive care with no safety concerns.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Migraine treatment must be individualized based on frequency, severity, and patient goals.
  • Pharmacologic approaches include acute (abortive) and preventive (prophylactic) strategies, often used concurrently.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging and novel therapeutic options for migraine management.
  • To highlight advancements in drug delivery and targeted molecular therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current and developing migraine pharmacologic treatments.
  • Inclusion of novel drug delivery systems (microneedle, intranasal powder).
  • Discussion of new drug classes: 5-HT1F receptor agonists and CGRP antagonists (Gepants).

Main Results:

Keywords:
Acute treatmentheadachemigrainemonoclonal antibodiespreventative treatment

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  • New delivery systems for sumatriptan and zolmitriptan are available or in development.
  • Lasmiditan (5-HT1F agonist) is under development for acute migraine.
  • Gepants and CGRP antibodies show efficacy for acute and preventive migraine treatment with no safety concerns identified.

    • Conclusions:

    • Innovative treatments are expanding options for migraine patients.
    • Targeted therapies like Gepants and CGRP antibodies represent significant advancements.
    • Individualized treatment plans incorporating new options can improve patient outcomes.