Cronobacter sakazakii Infection from Expressed Breast Milk, Australia

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Neonatal Health
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Cronobacter sakazakii is a known cause of neonatal infections.
• These infections are typically linked to contaminated powdered infant formula.
• The transmission routes beyond formula require further investigation.

Observation:

• A case of Cronobacter sakazakii neonatal infection was investigated.
• The infection was linked to the consumption of expressed breast milk.
• Whole-genome sequencing was used to confirm the source of infection.

Findings:

• Whole-genome sequencing confirmed that the Cronobacter sakazakii strain in the infant was identical to the strain found in the expressed breast milk.
• This finding establishes a direct epidemiological link between expressed breast milk consumption and Cronobacter sakazakii neonatal infection.
• The study identified expressed breast milk as a potential vehicle for Cronobacter sakazakii transmission.

Implications:

• This case highlights the potential risks associated with the storage and handling of expressed breast milk.
• It suggests that expressed breast milk, like powdered infant formula, can be a source of Cronobacter sakazakii contamination.
• Recommendations for safe storage and acquisition of expressed breast milk may need to be re-evaluated to prevent neonatal infections.