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Related Concept Videos

The Nitrogen Cycle01:49

The Nitrogen Cycle

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Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
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Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism01:20

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Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of  ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or  nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
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Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation01:22

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Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
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Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
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Protein Networks02:26

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An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
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Nitrogen Compound Characterization in Fuels by Multidimensional Gas Chromatography
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The Nitrogen Footprint Tool Network: A Multi-Institution Program To Reduce Nitrogen Pollution.

Elizabeth A Castner1, Allison M Leach2, Neil Leary3

  • 1Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.

Sustainability (New Rochelle, N.Y.)
|January 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Institutions can reduce environmental nitrogen pollution by using the Nitrogen Footprint Tool (NFT) to track and manage consumption. Key areas for reduction include optimizing food purchases and decreasing fossil fuel dependence.

Keywords:
energyenvironmental impactfoodnitrogen footprintsustainability

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Ecology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Anthropogenic reactive nitrogen significantly impacts air and water quality, human health, and ecosystems.
  • Understanding institutional nitrogen release is crucial for effective environmental management.
  • Reactive nitrogen pollution poses local and global environmental challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To utilize the Nitrogen Footprint Tool (NFT) for quantifying nitrogen (N) release from institutional consumption.
  • To present initial findings from seven institutions using the NFT.
  • To promote the development of institutional strategies for reducing reactive nitrogen pollution.

Main Methods:

  • The Nitrogen Footprint Tool (NFT) was employed to assess nitrogen release across sectors like food, energy, and transportation.
  • Scenario analysis within the NFT was used for managing and tracking reduction strategies.
  • Data from seven completed institutional nitrogen footprint assessments were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Energy use and food purchases were identified as the largest contributors to institutional nitrogen footprints.
  • The NFT provides a framework for institutions to monitor and manage their environmental nitrogen impact.
  • Reducing consumption of animal products, minimizing food waste, and decreasing fossil fuel reliance are key reduction strategies.

Conclusions:

  • The Nitrogen Footprint Tool Network facilitates institutional nitrogen footprint assessment and reduction.
  • Optimizing food purchasing and energy consumption are critical for lowering institutional nitrogen footprints.
  • Integrating food production impacts into sustainability strategies is essential for higher education institutions.