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Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
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Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
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Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. The vesicles derive their cargo from the plasma membrane, Golgi, ER, or endosome. Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50–100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. Their formation is driven by the assembly of...
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Coat Assembly and GTPases01:33

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Vesicles incorporate different coat protein subunits in different cell locations, which changes the properties of the coat, such as the shape and geometry of the transport vesicles. Thus, vesicle coat proteins also play a significant role in cargo selection.
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Graphene Coatings for Biomedical Implants
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Shuttle Suppression by Polymer-Sealed Graphene-Coated Polypropylene Separator.

Xuewu Ou1, Yanzi Yu2, Ruizhe Wu1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|January 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Graphene-coated separators effectively block lithium polysulfides (LiPS), significantly improving lithium-sulfur battery performance and lifespan by mitigating the shuttle effect. This innovation enhances energy storage capabilities.

Keywords:
grapheneinterfacial polymerizationlithium polysulfidesmolecular simulationshuttle effect

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • The shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPS) severely limits the performance and cycle life of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries.
  • Developing effective strategies to suppress LiPS shuttling is crucial for practical Li-S battery applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To suppress the shuttle effect in Li-S batteries by engineering a novel separator.
  • To enhance the electrochemical performance and durability of Li-S batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Coating polypropylene (PP) separators with a continuous graphene monolayer.
  • Further modifying the graphene/PP separator with in situ polymerized nylon-66 via interfacial polymerization.
  • Conducting electrochemical performance tests in coin cells.
  • Performing molecular dynamics simulations to understand ion transport mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • The engineered graphene/PP separator significantly suppressed the shuttle effect.
  • Achieved an initial specific capacity of 1128.4 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.05C, compared to 983.2 mAh g⁻¹ for pristine PP.
  • Increased Coulombic efficiency from 96.0% to 99.9% and enhanced cycling durability.
  • Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the selective ion transport properties of the nanoporous structure.

Conclusions:

  • The graphene/PP separator modified with nylon-66 effectively mitigates the shuttle effect in Li-S batteries.
  • This facile approach offers a promising solution for developing high-performance and long-lasting Li-S batteries.
  • The engineered membrane acts as a molecular sieve, allowing Li⁺ passage while blocking LiPS migration.