Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Laying Concrete Masonry01:16

Laying Concrete Masonry

410
Constructing a concrete masonry wall involves a series of steps designed to ensure durability, stability, and alignment. The construction starts with preparing the base, which includes cleaning the area where the wall will be erected. The next step involves spreading mortar where the first row of concrete blocks will be laid, typically starting at a corner section to help define the wall's boundaries.
Mortar application focuses on the face shells of the blocks, the sides that face outward,...
410
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

5.8K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
5.8K
Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation

805
Ventilators are essential medical equipment used to aid patients with respiratory difficulties. Their primary function is to assist or replace spontaneous breathing by providing mechanical ventilation. There are two general classes of mechanical ventilators: negative-pressure and positive-pressure ventilators.
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
Negative-pressure ventilators create a vacuum around the chest or body to draw air into the lungs, simulating breathing. This method does not require an...
805
Nursing Evaluation01:15

Nursing Evaluation

4.5K
The evaluation stage signals the end of the nursing process. The nurse gathers evaluative data to assess whether or not the patient has attained the expected results. Whereas the nurse collects data in the nursing assessment to identify the patient's health concerns, the evaluation stage data determines if the indicated health issues are resolved. Evaluative data collection includes two sections: the data acquired to evaluate patient outcomes and the time criteria for data collection.
4.5K
The Scientific Method03:50

The Scientific Method

68.9K
Chemistry is an empirical science. Scientists often pose questions to understand the chemistry in everyday life and seek answers to these questions. To achieve this, scientists follow a definitive series of steps that together make up the Scientific Method. This approach involves making observations, asking questions, building a hypothesis, conducting experiments, analyzing results, and forming a conclusion. 
68.9K
Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model01:29

Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model

343
The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model offers a psychological framework to understand how individuals’ self-esteem is influenced by the achievements of others, particularly those with whom they share close personal bonds. The SEM model operates when personal rather than social identity guides individuals. Central to this model is the notion that individuals have an inherent desire to preserve a favorable self-image, which is continuously shaped by interpersonal comparisons and...
343

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pediatric autoimmune hemolytic anemia is associated with a high incidence of underlying immune disorders.

Blood advances·2026
Same author

A randomized, double-blind, controlled, parallel group study with amustaline/glutathione pathogen reduced red blood cells in regions at potential risk for Zika virus transfusion-transmitted infections (RedeS Study)-protocol for a phase 3 clinical trial.

Trials·2026
Same author

Real-world evidence of urinary tract infections and genital tract infections with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) alone or in combination with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) in individuals with type-2 diabetes mellitus in India.

BMC endocrine disorders·2026
Same author

Animal and human food safety of chromium propionate in layer hen diets.

Poultry science·2026
Same author

Meat quality of hens fed an unblanched, high-oleic peanut diet.

Poultry science·2025
Same author

Effects of an Unblanched Peanut and/or Peanut Skin Diet on Egg Quality, Egg Lipid Chemistry, and Performance of Hens Housed in a Cage-Free Environment.

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Statistical Modelling of Cortical Connectivity Using Non-invasive Electroencephalograms
08:51

Statistical Modelling of Cortical Connectivity Using Non-invasive Electroencephalograms

Published on: November 1, 2019

6.1K

A novel non-invasive method for evaluating electroencephalograms on laying hens.

Krista N Eberle1, Michael P Martin2, Sanjay Shah3

  • 1Prestage Department of Poultry Science, Poultry Science Building, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695.

Poultry Science
|January 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a minimally invasive method to record electroencephalograms (EEG) in chickens without surgery. This technique allows for better understanding of avian brain activity and behavior, even under stress.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: A Novel Cell Injection Method with Minimum Invasion
06:24

Author Spotlight: A Novel Cell Injection Method with Minimum Invasion

Published on: April 21, 2023

1.9K
3-D Cell Culture System for Studying Invasion and Evaluating Therapeutics in Bladder Cancer
09:24

3-D Cell Culture System for Studying Invasion and Evaluating Therapeutics in Bladder Cancer

Published on: September 13, 2018

9.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Statistical Modelling of Cortical Connectivity Using Non-invasive Electroencephalograms
08:51

Statistical Modelling of Cortical Connectivity Using Non-invasive Electroencephalograms

Published on: November 1, 2019

6.1K
Author Spotlight: A Novel Cell Injection Method with Minimum Invasion
06:24

Author Spotlight: A Novel Cell Injection Method with Minimum Invasion

Published on: April 21, 2023

1.9K
3-D Cell Culture System for Studying Invasion and Evaluating Therapeutics in Bladder Cancer
09:24

3-D Cell Culture System for Studying Invasion and Evaluating Therapeutics in Bladder Cancer

Published on: September 13, 2018

9.5K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Animal Behavior
  • Veterinary Science

Background:

  • Electroencephalograms (EEG) have been used to study avian brains since the 1960s, correlating brain activity with behavior.
  • Traditional EEG methods in animal models require invasive surgical implantation of electrodes, limiting research scope and introducing confounding factors like anesthesia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and implement a minimally invasive, non-surgical method for recording EEG in conscious chickens.
  • To assess the feasibility of this new method under environmental stress conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a non-surgical technique involving subcutaneous placement of three monopolar 32-gauge needle electrodes in 16 commercial laying hens.
  • Connected electrodes to a pre-amplifier and a laptop-based recording system for EEG signal acquisition.
  • Validated neural activity using a photic stimulation test and correlated EEG data with observed behaviors during environmental stressors.

Main Results:

  • The minimally invasive EEG electrode placement method was successfully implemented and withstood significant physical activity and environmental stressors.
  • Photic stimulation and behavioral observations confirmed that the recorded brainwave activity was neural, not muscular.
  • The method demonstrated success in measuring EEG in conscious, non-anesthetized laying hens.

Conclusions:

  • This non-surgical EEG recording technique significantly broadens research capabilities in avian neuroscience and behavior.
  • It eliminates the need for invasive surgery, anesthesia, and recovery periods, reducing confounding variables.
  • The method offers new avenues for understanding hen responses to environmental stimuli and their state of awareness.