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Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome
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Microbial regulation of the L cell transcriptome.

Tulika Arora1,2, Rozita Akrami1, Ramona Pais3

  • 1Wallenberg Laboratory and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

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|January 21, 2018
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Summary

The gut microbiota rapidly and significantly impacts the gene expression of intestinal L cells, particularly in the ileum. This interaction influences hormone secretion, affecting host metabolism.

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Area of Science:

  • Gut-microbiota interactions
  • Enteroendocrine cell biology
  • Transcriptomics

Background:

  • L cells secrete key metabolic hormones like glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY).
  • The gut microbiota influences host physiology, but its effect on L cell gene expression is poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of the gut microbiota on L cell gene expression.
  • To characterize the temporal dynamics of microbiota-induced transcriptional changes in L cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized germ-free (GF) and conventionally raised (CONV-R) GLU-Venus reporter mice.
  • Isolated L cells (Lpos) from the ileum and colon for transcriptomic profiling.
  • Performed electron microscopy and measured intracellular GLP-1 content.

Main Results:

  • Microbiota significantly altered ileal L cell transcriptomes, suppressing vesicle localization and synaptic vesicle cycling.
  • Reduced vesicle numbers and intracellular GLP-1 content were observed in conventionally raised mice.
  • Transcriptional regulation occurred rapidly, within 1 day of microbial colonization in GF mice.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiota exerts a rapid and profound influence on the L cell transcriptome, primarily in the ileum.
  • Microbiota-L cell communication is crucial for regulating hormone production and potentially host metabolism.