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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Deformability and Implications for Microvascular Sequestration.

Herbert H Lipowsky1, Daniel T Bowers2, Brittany L Banik2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 215 Hallowell Bldg, University Park, PA, 16802, USA. hhlbio@engr.psu.edu.

Annals of Biomedical Engineering
|January 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mechanics in microvessels were studied. Cell size and deformability determine yield pressure (PY), influencing MSC sequestration for regenerative medicine.

Keywords:
Cortical tensionDeformabilityMesenchymal stem cellsMicrovascular sequestration

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Mechanics

Background:

  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show promise for regenerative medicine via intra-arterial delivery.
  • Understanding MSC mechanics in microvasculature is crucial for effective cell sequestration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between yield pressure (PY) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) size and mechanical properties.
  • To determine how cell diameter (DCELL) and pore diameter (DPORE) influence MSC passage through microvessels.

Main Methods:

  • Transient filtration tests were used to measure mean filtration pressure (〈PY〉) across filters with varying pore sizes (DPORE).
  • Cultured MSCs' cell diameters (DCELL) were measured, exhibiting a log-normal distribution.
  • The ratio λ (DCELL/DPORE) was analyzed to understand its impact on MSC clearance.

Main Results:

  • Yield pressure (PY) increased exponentially with the ratio λ (DCELL/DPORE) for 1.1 ≤ λ ≤ 2.2.
  • The cortical shell model accurately described PY for λ ≤ 1.56, with cortical tension τ0 = 0.99 ± 0.42 dyn/cm.
  • Larger MSCs significantly contributed to mean filtration pressure (〈PY〉), and heterogeneity in cell deformability impacts sequestration.

Conclusions:

  • MSC sequestration in microvasculature is dependent on cell size and mechanical properties, quantified by yield pressure (PY).
  • Heterogeneity in MSC populations can lead to unpredictable sequestration, but also offers potential for optimization.
  • Selecting MSC fractions based on deformability could enhance targeted delivery for tissue regeneration.