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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Assessing Intertidal Populations of the Invasive European Green Crab
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Temperature dependency of intraguild predation between native and invasive crabs.

Tanya L Rogers1, Tarik C Gouhier1, David L Kimbro1

  • 1Northeastern University Marine Science Center, 430 Nahant Road, Nahant, Massachusetts, 01908, USA.

Ecology
|January 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Temperature significantly impacts how native blue crabs and invasive green crabs interact, influencing their potential to coexist and their geographical distribution. Understanding these temperature-dependent species interactions is crucial for predicting ecological changes.

Keywords:
Callinectes sapidusCarcinus maenascompetitive reversalcrabsintraguild predationspecies interactionstemperature dependence

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Invasive Species Biology
  • Climate Change Biology

Background:

  • Environmental factors, particularly temperature, directly influence species' physiological tolerances and indirectly affect species interactions.
  • While direct environmental effects are studied, the role of temperature in mediating species interactions, like intraguild predation, is less understood.
  • Understanding these interactions is key to predicting species distribution and responses to climate change.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temperature dependency of size-structured intraguild predation (IGP) between blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) and green crabs (Carcinus maenas).
  • To evaluate how temperature-influenced competitive and predatory rates affect the latitudinal distribution of these crab species.
  • To integrate experimental findings into a model predicting species coexistence under varying temperatures.

Main Methods:

  • Outdoor mesocosm experiments quantified interactions between blue crabs, green crabs, and mussels at three distinct temperatures.
  • Two size classes of blue crabs were used to assess size-dependent predation and competition.
  • Temperature- and size-dependent attack rates and handling times were parameterized into a size-structured intraguild predation model.

Main Results:

  • At low temperatures, green crabs exhibited a competitive advantage, with minimal intraguild predation by blue crabs.
  • At high temperatures, large blue crabs had a competitive advantage, and intraguild predation on green crabs increased significantly.
  • Model simulations indicated competitive exclusion of blue crabs by green crabs at low temperatures, and vice versa at high temperatures.

Conclusions:

  • Temperature-dependent interactions play a critical role in local species coexistence.
  • Intraguild predation rates and resource availability, modulated by temperature, influence the competitive balance between blue and green crabs.
  • Mechanistic species distribution models should incorporate environmentally mediated interactions to accurately predict species' responses to climate change.