Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Author Spotlight: Exploring Tea Aroma Using Solvent-Assisted Flavor Evaporation Technique
Published on: May 26, 2023
Preparation and characterization of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) from tea waste
Tong Zhao1, Zhongzheng Chen1, Xiaorong Lin1
1College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Abstract:
Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was prepared from Oolong tea waste by acid hydrolysis in the present study. Based on the single factor experiment results, the hydrolysis conditions were optimized by an orthogonal L9(3)4 experiment. Results showed that the degree of polymerization (DP) and yield of MCC were strongly influenced by the time and temperature of hydrolysis, the concentration of HCl and the ratio of acid to material. Under optimal conditions (acid to materials ratio 1:20, HCl concentration 1.5 mol/L, 65 °C, 90 min), the yield and DP of the tea waste MCC were 86.7% and 145, respectively. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that tea waste MCC had cellulosic structure and was cellulose I type. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that MCC had shorter fibers with some holes on the rough surface. The MCC prepared from tea waste had good thermal stability.
Related Concept Videos
Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the...
Preparation of Epoxides
Epoxides result from alkene oxidation, which can be achieved by a) air, b) peroxy acids, c) hypochlorous acids, and d) halohydrin cyclization.
Epoxidation with Peroxy Acids
Epoxidation of alkenes via oxidation with peroxy acids involves the conversion of a carbon–carbon double bond to an epoxide using the oxidizing agent meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, commonly known as MCPBA. Since the O–O bond of peroxy acids is very weak, the addition of electrophilic oxygen of peroxy acids to...
Preparation of Amides
The DCC-promoted synthesis of amides begins with the protonation of DCC by carboxylic acid. The protonation makes it a better acceptor. Next, the addition of carboxylate to the protonated carbodiimide gives a reactive acylating agent.
Subsequently, the amine acts as a nucleophile that attacks the acylating agent to form a tetrahedral intermediate. In the...
Preparation of Nitriles
Preparation and Reactions of Thiols
Preparation of Acid Anhydrides
The carboxylate ion acts as a nucleophile that attacks the carbonyl carbon of the acid chloride to form a tetrahedral intermediate. Subsequently, the re-formation of the carbonyl group with the loss of the chloride ion as a leaving group leads to the formation of an acid...

