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Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...

Nucleic acids

Nucleic acids

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acid Structure

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA...

Nucleic Acids and Nucleotides

Nucleic Acids and Nucleotides

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and have instructions for its functioning. The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and the organelles such as chloroplasts and mitochondria....

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acid biosynthesis is a fundamental biochemical process that produces the purine and pyrimidine nucleotides essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. This pathway maintains a balanced nucleotide pool, preventing imbalances that could jeopardize genetic integrity and cellular function. Given the crucial role of nucleotides, their synthesis is tightly regulated to ensure proper cellular homeostasis.Purine BiosynthesisThe biosynthesis of purine nucleotides begins with ribose-5-phosphate, a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Multiplexed Isothermal Amplification Based Diagnostic Platform to Detect Zika, Chikungunya, and Dengue 1

Multiplexed Isothermal Amplification Based Diagnostic Platform to Detect Zika, Chikungunya, and Dengue 1

Published on: March 13, 2018

Multiplexed isothermal nucleic acid amplification.

Olena Mayboroda¹, Ioanis Katakis¹, Ciara K O'Sullivan²

¹Interfibio Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avinguda Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.

Analytical Biochemistry

|January 22, 2018

Summary

Multiplexed isothermal amplification enables simultaneous detection of multiple nucleic acid targets. This review details various methods, highlighting challenges and focusing on recombinase polymerase amplification for advanced diagnostics and monitoring.

Keywords:

Advantages and limitations Isothermal amplification Multiplexing

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Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes

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Last Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Multiplexed Isothermal Amplification Based Diagnostic Platform to Detect Zika, Chikungunya, and Dengue 1

Multiplexed Isothermal Amplification Based Diagnostic Platform to Detect Zika, Chikungunya, and Dengue 1

Published on: March 13, 2018

Open-Source Miniature Fluorimeter to Monitor Real-Time Isothermal Nucleic Acid Amplification Reactions in Resource-Limited Settings

Open-Source Miniature Fluorimeter to Monitor Real-Time Isothermal Nucleic Acid Amplification Reactions in Resource-Limited Settings

Published on: February 3, 2021

Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes

Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes

Published on: November 1, 2019

Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Molecular Diagnostics
Environmental Science

Background:

Multiplexed isothermal amplification is crucial for advanced diagnostics, food safety, and environmental monitoring.
Achieving multiplexed amplification presents challenges in primer design, temperature control, and primer concentration optimization to prevent primer dimers and non-specific amplification.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and describe various reported approaches for multiplexed isothermal amplification.
To highlight challenges and provide insights into optimizing multiplexed isothermal amplification techniques.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on multiplexed isothermal amplification techniques.
Detailed discussion of "one-pot" and parallelized multiplexing strategies.
Focus on specific amplification methods: loop-mediated isothermal amplification, strand-displacement amplification, helicase-dependent amplification, rolling circle amplification, nucleic acid sequence-based amplification, and recombinase polymerase amplification.

Main Results:

Identified and categorized diverse strategies for multiplexed isothermal amplification.
Highlighted the complexities and critical parameters for successful multiplexing.
Emphasized recombinase polymerase amplification as a key technique.

Conclusions:

Multiplexed isothermal amplification is a vital technology with broad applications.
Careful optimization of experimental conditions is essential for effective multiplexed amplification.
Recombinase polymerase amplification shows significant promise for future developments in the field.