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Related Experiment Video

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Study Design for Navigated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Speech Cortical Mapping

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Published on: March 24, 2023

Transcranial alternating current stimulation with speech envelopes modulates speech comprehension.

Anna Wilsch¹, Toralf Neuling², Jonas Obleser³

¹Experimental Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", European Medical School, Carl von Ossietzky University, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany.

|January 23, 2018

Summary

Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) timed to the speech envelope can enhance speech comprehension. This envelope-tACS method modulates auditory cortex entrainment, improving intelligibility of speech in noisy conditions.

Keywords:

Cortical entrainment Neural oscillations Non-invasive brain stimulation Speech intelligibility Transcranial electric stimulation

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Auditory Perception
Brain Stimulation

Background:

Cortical entrainment to speech's temporal envelope is vital for comprehension.
Degraded speech weakens this neural entrainment, reducing intelligibility.
Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can entrain neural oscillations and improve auditory perception.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if envelope-tACS can externally modulate speech intelligibility.
To determine the optimal timing for envelope-tACS to influence speech comprehension.

Main Methods:

Participants completed the Oldenburg sentence test with sentences in noise.
Envelope-tACS was applied at various time lags (0-250 ms) relative to speech onset.
Sinusoidal, linear, and quadratic fits analyzed comprehension performance across time lags.

Main Results:

A sinusoidal fit best described the modulation of sentence comprehension.
The average frequency of the best fit was 5.12 Hz, matching the speech envelope's spectral peaks.
A significant 5-Hz peak was observed in performance power spectra, supporting the findings.

Conclusions:

Envelope-tACS effectively modulates speech intelligibility in noise.
This modulation likely occurs by enhancing or disrupting cortical entrainment to the speech envelope in the auditory cortex based on stimulation timing.