Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Large-Scale Multi-Omics Genome-Wide Association Studies Mo-GWAS: Guidelines for Sample Preparation and Normalization
Published on: July 27, 2021
A quantification of the alcohol use-consequences association in college student and clinical populations: A large,
Mark A Prince1, Matthew R Pearson2, Adrian J Bravo2
1Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.
Background:
The present study sought to quantify the relationship between alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences in both college student and clinical samples.
Methods:
We gathered 33 college student datasets comprising of 15,618 participants and nine clinical sample datasets comprising of 4,527 participants to determine the effect size of the relationship between alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences. We used random-effects meta-analytic techniques, separately in college and clinical samples, to account for a distribution of true effects and to assess for heterogeneity in effect sizes.
Results:
Results demonstrated that the clear majority of the variability in alcohol-related consequences is not explained by alcohol use (ie, >77% in college samples; >86% in clinical samples), and that there was significant heterogeneity in all effect sizes.
Conclusions And Scientific Significance:
Experiencing alcohol-related consequences results from factors that extend beyond frequency and quantity of alcohol consumed suggesting a need to examine other predictors of alcohol-related consequences beyond alcohol use. (Am J Addict 2018;27:116-123).
Related Concept Videos
Sample Proportion and Population Proportion
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
Case Studies
Timing and Consequences on Behavior
Humans, however, can respond to delayed reinforcers. We often make decisions between immediate small rewards and delayed larger rewards. This ability to delay gratification is a significant...
Student t Distribution
The Student t distribution was developed by William S. Goset (1876–1937) of the...
What is Population Genetics?

