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Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Current Thinking

Valerio Nobili1,2, Piotr Socha3

  • 1Hepatometabolic Diseases Unit and Liver Research Unit Bambino Gesu Children Hospital, Rome.

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
|January 23, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children is common and diagnosed by pediatricians. Current diagnostic tools need more validation, and while weight loss is key, new treatments show limited evidence.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Hepatology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing concern in children.
  • Diagnosis and management involve pediatric gastroenterologists, hepatologists, and general pediatricians.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric NAFLD for practical application.
  • To highlight the importance of early risk assessment for cirrhosis in childhood.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on risk factor assessment and exclusion of other conditions.
  • Transient elastography and biomarkers are being explored but require further validation in pediatric populations.

Main Results:

  • Risk stratification for cirrhosis involves a combination of genetic, clinical, and environmental factors.
  • Weight reduction is the primary treatment, but compliance is a challenge.

Conclusions:

  • Further validation of diagnostic techniques like elastography and biomarkers is needed for pediatric NAFLD.
  • While some pharmacological options like docosahexaenoic acid, probiotics, and vitamin E are considered, evidence for widespread use is insufficient.

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