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Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Evaluation of Integrated Anaerobic Digestion and Hydrothermal Carbonization for Bioenergy Production
Published on: June 15, 2014
Thermodynamics and Kinetics Parameters of Eichhornia crassipes Biomass for Bioenergy
Ifrah Afzal1, Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad1,2, Sana Malik1
1Bioenergy Research Centre, Department of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad-38000, Pakistan.
Background:
Eichhornia crassipes is an aquatic plant well known for its role in soil reclamation due to the containment of valuable nutrients. Moreover, its biomass is an abundant and low-cost biological resource. Pyrolysis of a biomass offers one of the cleanest methods to harness the bioenergy stored in the biomass.
Objective:
The present study was focused on evaluating the bioenergy potential of Eichhornia crassipes via pyrolysis.
Methods:
Biomass of E. crassipes was collected from a municipal wastewater pond. Oven dried powdered biomass of E. crassipes was subjected to pyrolysis at three heating rates including 10, 30 and 50 °C min-1 in a simultaneous Thermogravimetry-Differential Scanning Calorimetry analyzer under an inert environment containing nitrogen. Data obtained were subjected to isoconversional models of Kissenger-Akahira-Sunose (KSA) and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) to understand the reaction chemistry.
Results:
Kinetic parameters have shown that the pyrolysis followed first-order reaction kinetics. The average values of activation energies (129.71-133.03 kJ mol-1) and thermodynamic parameters including high heating values (18.12 MJ kg-1), Gibb's free energies (171-180 kJ mol-1) and enthalpy of reaction (124-127 kJ mol-1) have shown the remarkable bioenergy potential of this biomass.
Conclusion:
This low-cost biomass may be used to produce liquids, gases, and biochar in a costefficient and environmentally friendly way via pyrolysis or co-pyrolysis in the future.
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